The article deals with the issues of sustainable development of agriculture. The stability of any system is determined by its level of development, forms and methods that affect the state and performance of functioning. Ensuring the sustainable development of the world economy includes the consistent achievement of the 17 international goals reflected in the Agenda of the 2019 SDG Report for the period up to 2030. The state program for the development of agriculture and regulation of markets for agricultural products, raw materials and food defines the goals, objectives and main directions of agricultural development and regulation of the agri-food market in Russia. In the presented study, an assessment of the degree of achievement of the goals and main indicators of the state Program was performed on the example of agriculture. To assess the stability, an aggregated index was used, calculated as the geometric mean of the indexes of the target indicators. The actual index of sustainability of industrial development of agriculture in Russia over the past years corresponds to the average level (except for 2014-high stability). The largest decrease in indicators was in terms of profitability of production, the number of high-performance jobs, and only the investment volume index showed a significant increase.
The work included classification of regions of the Non-Black Earth Zone of Russia according to agroclimatic indicators. Structural shifts of sown area in the section of the selected groups were analyzed. The impact of structural shifts on the efficiency of sown area use is estimated.
This study is devoted to the development of commercial aquaculture in Russia. The necessity of accelerated development of this production sector as an alternative to the extraction of aquatic biological resources in modern conditions is substantiated (new requirements for the consumption of food products, including fish; tightening the conditions for the distribution of the extraction of aquatic biological resources by international organizations). Global trends in the growth rates of aquatic biological resources extraction and aquaculture production show changes in the fish products market with a significant increase in the share of aquaculture products. The analysis of the production structure and dynamics of processes in the development of aquaculture in Russia is presented. The factors hindering the development of aquaculture have been identified. Particular attention is paid to the role of the state, which is to create certain institutional preferences, measures of optimal protectionism for domestic aquaculture producers, customs and tariff regulation, necessary incentives in the field of lending and taxation, scientific support of aquaculture development projects, assistance in combating epizootic diseases in different stages of cultivation of aquaculture objects, etc. The issue of fully implementing program measures for the development of aquaculture, as well as control over the accounting and quality of fish products, remains important. In addition, it is necessary to attract extra-budgetary funds from all sources of financing, including funds from private business for investments in aquaculture development; creating an attractive investment and business climate for entrepreneurs on the basis of public-private partnerships.
The article presents the scientific justification and the role of “road technological maps” in creating the necessary infrastructure and innovative environment for the formation of a transparent and competitive market for domestic selection and seed potato growing of the Russian Federation, as well as for reducing import dependence on foreign import of seed and biological material. These tasks are presented in the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of July 21, 2016, and their solution can be implemented within the framework of the implementation of the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation “On National Goals and Strategic Tasks of the Development of the Russian Federation for the Period until 2024”.
The article provides an overview of the domestic market for the production and sale of mushroom products, reveals the possibilities of effective management and increasing the production potential in modern economic conditions. The results of scientific research concerning the development of the mushroom industry are presented. The assessment of the mushroom production management system by state authorities is given.
The production of cattle meat in Russia over the past 30 years has been almost constantly falling, from 1990 to 2019 it decreased by 3 times. The relevance of studying the causes of such a fall and determining the factors that influence this process is of undoubted interest, as is the question of determining the forecast for beef production for the next few years. The statement of the problem and the determination of the purpose of such a study leads to the choice of methods for solving the problem. In this case, statistical methods were selected based on the analysis of time series using correlation and regression analysis. As a result, the factors affecting the production of cattle meat were determined, multivariate regression models were constructed, and on their basis the options for forecasting beef production for the period 2020-2025 were calculated.
The most important aspect of the economic development of the region with favorable climate conditions is the state of agriculture. Agriculture produces products are the first necessity for the society, providing it with food. In modern conditions, the possibilities of agriculture determine, among other things, the degree of economic security of the region. This article is devoted to the assessment of indicators of agricultural development and measures of state support for the agro-industrial complex of the Chechen Republic. At the end of the article, the current problems of development of the agro-industrial complex of the Chechen Republic are listed.
The article describes the main changes that have occurred in the Russian pork market in the years since the introduction of the food embargo. The impact of the accelerated import substitution policy on the production, import and export of pork in the Russian Federation. It describes the dynamics of production, export and import of pork in the Russian Federation, the main importing countries, the prospects for export development and the problems facing the country in the framework of the national export expansion project.
Today, Russian agriculture is experiencing a period of growth - the import substitution program has increased production, and the share of agricultural products in the structure of Russian exports has increased. Nevertheless, a number of negative trends still persist in the industry: obsolescence and wear of the material and technical base, low efficiency of production processes, and a drop in profitability for some types of agricultural activities. The way out of this situation is possible with a qualitative increase in production efficiency and technological modernization of economic entities, which are the result of the introduction of innovative solutions. However, the domestic and foreign scientific literature does not fully cover the mechanism of formation and implementation of investments in innovations in the agricultural sector, and the necessary differentiation of the supply side and the demand side in the market of innovative developments is not provided. The issue of investment and innovation activities in the industry is particularly relevant in the context of scarce state support for innovation, limited interest of private business in investments in agriculture and weak Fund availability of agricultural producers.
The work focuses on reproductive processes in the agricultural industry and assess their effectiveness. A cycle of the reproduction process in agriculture is presented with an assessment of the influence of sources of formation and economic processes on reproduction in agricultural organizations. The role of managing sources of financing of reproductive processes in agricultural organizations is assessed. An analytical model for evaluating the effectiveness of reproduction processes in agriculture is presented, as well as a classification of evaluation criteria and particular indicators of their economic efficiency. Mechanisms for managing the financial, economic and technical and economic state of reproduction processes in agricultural organizations are identified. In addition, a model of a system for assessing the effectiveness of reproductive processes in agriculture is presented.