The specialization of a credit cooperative is briefly described, an example of the work of a credit cooperative is Given, and an analysis of certain indicators is made on its example.
The article deals with the problems of development of production and increasing exports of the main groups of agricultural products (grain and products of its processing, vegetable oil, meat and meat products, milk and milk products). The dynamics of foreign trade in agricultural products and food, the structure of Russian agri-food exports are analyzed. The main factors that can influence the development of production and export of agricultural products and food are considered. A comparative assessment of the forecast dynamics of the development of agricultural production and export of the main types of products.
An assessment is given to the modern spatial development of agriculture in the country and its individual subsectors. The positive and negative aspects of the spatial organization of agriculture are revealed in the adopted Strategy for the spatial development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2025, as well as in other strategic documents on the spatial development of the country. It is shown that while the country does not have a sufficiently clear picture of the placement and specialization of agriculture, not only in the newly formed 12 macro regions, priority and border geostrategic territories, agro-industrial centers in the municipalities of the regions specializing in agriculture, but also in individual regions and types of agricultural products. In this regard, the principles were formed and the main directions of the spatial development of agriculture and its individual subsectors were considered, related to the rational placement, deepening of specialization and increasing concentration of production of certain types of agricultural products, the formation and development of their specialized high-tech zones, the improving of interregional exchange and of the key role of the state. in the regulation of these complex and dynamic processes in the vast territory of the country.
The article assesses the national projects adopted in the framework of the national concept of economic development in the field of export of agricultural products. In addition, the main aspects of its growth based on a more complete use of the development potential of this sector of the economy are considered. Taking into account the priority of ensuring the country's food security, the parameters of the export potential of agricultural products are calculated due to the introduction of unused agricultural land into circulation.
The article notes that the main direction of the activity of state administration in agriculture should be comprehensive support of agricultural enterprises. This is due to the fact that over 77‰ of the functions of these state administrations are focused on this. However, under current conditions, the state is not capable of effectively performing these functions, and therefore it became necessary to focus its attention on one of the areas that can provide the greatest return. Such, as the analysis has shown, is the strengthening of the personnel potential of agricultural enterprises. Measures to solve this problem are proposed
The article presents an analysis of the current state of the regulatory and legal framework governing the functioning and development of the infrastructure of commodity circulation in the agri-food market, on the basis of which the need for its improvement is substantiated, and negative trends in the regulation of the export infrastructure of the agri-food market are revealed. Specific proposals were made to improve the instruments for regulating export activities, eliminate technical and administrative barriers, and facilitate the conclusion of beneficial agreements on the promotion of Russian agricultural products abroad. Measures have been formulated to stimulate the development of wholesale, retail and fair trade in agricultural products, including directly by agricultural producers, their cooperative associations and organizations of agricultural cooperation. The importance of the role of the state in the implementation of the conceptual provisions of the development of the system of commodity circulation of agri-food products, necessary to ensure and maintain a high level of competitiveness of export products, is emphasized; the need to adopt a federal law "On trade in agricultural products, raw materials and food".
The Russian Federation occupies one of the leading positions in the pine nut market. Over the past few years, the production of this type of product has increased by almost 70‰. At the same time, the development potential of the pine nut industry allows Russia to become a leader in the world market in the future. At the same time, the low level of development of the processing sector has led to the fact that most of the nut products are sold in shells, mainly to China, from where they are subsequently re-exported to the EU and US markets. In this regard, improving the system of tariff and non-tariff regulation of pine nut exports in the future will increase the competitiveness of domestic products.
The article examines the assessments of the investment policy of the USSR in the agricultural sector of the economy in the late socialist period, contained in the works of foreign analysts. The focus is on the reasons for the increase in investment in agriculture in the USSR, the efficiency of investment in the agro-industrial complex and the results of the investment policy. It is shown that the studies carried out by foreign analysts make it possible to clarify the policy of the Soviet government on investments in agriculture of the Soviet Union in the late 1970s and the first half of the 1980s.
The article reveals the essence, Genesis, and legal framework of social partnership in Russia in the post-reform period. The analysis and assessment of the state and trends in the sphere of social partnership in the agro-industrial complex were carried out, and the reasons for the current unfavorable situation were identified.
In this article, the author attempts to analyze the methods, mechanisms and tools of typology of rural territories in Russia in a long historical retrospective. Typology is considered in the work, first of all, as a specific tool not only for scientific analysis, but also for administrative management of territorial development. As the author points out, the sociohistorical approach allows studying the methodology of typologization of rural territories to focus on the study of the settlement system, which should be considered as the material embodiment of certain stages of settlement, economic fuctionation and existence of the Russian village, as well as the structure of agricultural, commercial, environmental, cultural-anthropological and other activities of the population. Special attention is paid to the historiography of evaluation and statistical works as a unique experience of typological research (which should be the subject of a separate scientific research). The author focuses the readers ' attention on research studies of the Soviet period on the enlargement of rural settlements, including the concept of "agro-towns" (which are usually attributed to the period of 1960-1970, while they are much older). In conclusion, the article concludes that it is necessary to match various methods of typologization of rural territories not only to the economic-management and evaluation-statistical tools, but also to the historical, cultural, economic and environmental foundations of life of the rural population.