An analysis of the main trends in the development of transport and logistics services in the world in general and in the food sector in particular was carried out. The main leading countries in the world market of transport and logistics services have been identified - the countries of the European Union, Canada, and the USA. Using the example of the countries of the European Union, the most important directions in the formation of transport and logistics infrastructure are considered, special attention is paid to the development of a network of transport and logistics centers as the basis for organizing goods distribution in the food market. The basic principles of organization are identified and the main elements of a transport and logistics center in the EU are characterized. The role of the state in supporting the creation and operation of transport and logistics centers, the role of public-private partnerships in its management and financing are shown. It was noted that at the present stage, great assistance in the development of transport and logistics infrastructure in the European Union is provided by the non-profit organization «Europlatforms», whose activities are focused on the development of logistics platforms in European countries as hubs of transport infrastructure. The article notes that Russia lags significantly behind the level of development of the transport and logistics services market from developed and most developing countries, which is largely due to the low pace of implementation of measures to develop the infrastructure of the transport and logistics services market in the regions of Russia.
The development of agriculture in Russia over the past decade has shown steady growth rates and a high degree of adaptation to macroeconomic and geopolitical factors. State support for the industry is focused on the technological and infrastructural modernization of agribusiness and takes into account the volume of production and the socio-economic situation in rural areas, which in many regions of the country have agricultural specialization. Natural and climatic conditions are crucial in the formation of prerequisites for the development of crop production and animal husbandry. The southern regions of Russia have traditionally held leading positions in agriculture, however, a number of features due to the socio-economic state have an equally important impact on the key indicators of the industry. The article is devoted to determining the directions of agricultural development, taking into account the influence of the socio-economic state of the country's regions, specialization, limitations and peculiarities of the organization of production. A management system for the development of the industry is proposed, which can be adapted for various administrative-territorial subjects of the Russian Federation. Despite the differentiation of the operating conditions of agricultural enterprises in the regions of the country, it is possible to identify common areas and problems, the regulation of which will make a positive contribution to the intensification of the growth rates of certain financial and economic indicators, including effects on territories, population and business.
Agglomerations in rural areas represent a mutually beneficial form of management based on the effective use of a set of labor, land, financial, and information resources for the purpose of sustainable socio-economic development of regions and the country, its territorial integrity and national security. Being a complex socio-economic system, a rural agglomeration allows the use of systems approach and system analysis methods, and the methodology of its formation is based on the study of the prerequisites for the formation, development, application of methodological and methodological approaches to assess the synergistic effect of the combined impact of internal and external factors on the agglomeration system. In this regard, one of the most important tasks in studying the processes of formation, development and management of agglomerations is to determine the main factors, stages and directions of their development. Since the rural agglomeration is a complex system, it is also necessary to identify possible problems and negative restrictions on their development; consider the content of possible management models based on a program approach. Another important task in the formation of agglomeration in rural areas is to highlight the main directions for increasing management efficiency, taking into account: interaction between local authorities and business structures; building relationships with public organizations; aggregation of a system of management methods for individual municipalities into a general management structure; formation of a unified information space when introducing innovative developments and techniques; improvement of the material and technical base of management and socio-cultural sphere. Being a complex socio-economic system of research of rural agglomerations based on a systems approach and system analysis, it should include system-functional, system-structural and system-structural approaches, component analysis with the inherent principles of hierarchy, formalizability, modelability, goal-orientation, regularity, integrability, which determines relevance of the presented research. Since a rural agglomeration, like any complex system, functions under the influence of external and internal factors, a comprehensive assessment of their combined influence is necessary, and the development of management models and mechanisms should be carried out taking into account the efficiency of functioning of the participants in the rural agglomeration.
The priority of the formation, development and management of rural agglomerations is to create an effective structure of interaction between all stakeholders: the population, business, and authorities at all levels. In this regard, the institutional structure of agro-industrial, agro-food and other markets, production in rural agglomerations determines the development of socio-economic processes, but, in turn, also depends on them. The assessment of the dependence of production on the development of socio-economic factors in rural agglomerations contributes to the development of a scientifically sound economic policy of the state, the stability of the regional economy, increasing the competitiveness of the region, and solving food security problems. The authors show models of the factor dependence of the production of rural agglomerations of the South Siberian macroregion on social factors, namely health and education systems. Based on the presented data, it is possible to analyze the processes associated with the formation and development of rural agglomerations and their management.
The article focuses on promising areas for improving the financial resource management system in agricultural organizations. The main forms of their interaction with third parties within the scope of activities, as well as financial risks in the financial resources management system in the areas of activity, have been identified. A step-by-step algorithm for justifying the need to adjust the financial resource management system in agricultural production organizations is presented. The classification of agribusiness entities is given depending on the strategy of financial resources management, as well as on the degree of influence of risk factors in the areas of activity. A point-rating assessment of the financial and economic condition of the organization is provided, as well as a matrix for identifying the need to change, optimize or adjust the financial resource management system. A logical and graphical model of the construction and implementation of the mechanism of functioning of the financial resources management system in an agricultural organization is described.
In the Russian agro-industrial complex, the urgent problem is to ensure the competitive advantage of enterprises in the field of agricultural production, which can be achieved through the rapid development of modern innovative technologies. The Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation has implemented the “Digital Agriculture” project, the goal of which is to introduce digital technologies and platform solutions in Russian agricultural production. A unified digital platform has been created, which is a unique innovative product of the Russian agro-industrial complex, which will help improve the efficiency of agricultural production through the use of precision farming methods and yield forecasting. Russian government agencies, for the first time in history, have an effective economic mechanism for monitoring financial resources issued to agricultural organizations, which in the future will increase the level of transparency of their issuance for all market participants. A unique digital control system will provide Russia with a technological breakthrough in the development of agricultural production. The Chechen Republic is at the forefront of the processes of introducing digital solutions in the field of agricultural development in Russia. The introduction of innovative technologies at agricultural enterprises of the Chechen Republic ensured not only their survival in the country's food markets, but also allowed many of them to achieve leading positions in the country's agricultural industry. During the period from 2015 to 2021, the volume of agricultural products produced in the Chechen Republic, calculated in all categories of farms in actual prices, increased by more than 2.5 times and amounted to 45 billion rubles in 2021. The growth of production in the agro-industrial complex of the Chechen Republic was achieved through the use of modern innovative technologies by agricultural enterprises. In the long-term period, in order to accelerate the dynamics of innovation in the agro-industrial complex of the Chechen Republic, it is necessary to achieve a significant increase in the production of high-tech industries, increase investments in fixed capital, and implement social projects in the agricultural sector. An important source of investment could be the Regional Public Fund named after the Hero of Russia Akhmat-Khadzhi Kadyrov, which takes an active part in the implementation of infrastructure projects in the region.
The article analyzes the current state of development of the livestock industry in agricultural organizations of the Orel region, identifies problematic aspects and outlines development prospects. The leading and most significant sub-sectors of animal husbandry for the region have been identified: pig farming and dairy cattle breeding. The pig industry is developing at the fastest pace, the number of pigs in the region has increased almost 3 times over the past five years. At the same time, the cattle industry is in a certain stagnation. The number of cattle in the farms of the Orel region decreased by 14,8% during the analyzed period. In the region, the average productivity of cows and the increase in live weight of pigs exceed similar indicators in Russia. Pig farming and dairy cattle breeding are profitable industries, the profitability of milk is 31,5%, and the profitability of the pig industry is 23,6 percent. An analysis of the efficiency of livestock production in individual agricultural organizations shows that production efficiency is determined by a set of competent management decisions that take into account technological, organizational, economic and social factors. A model for the formation of high-tech agribusiness based on the interaction of the state, science, education and business communities of the innovative environment is proposed.
This study is devoted to the economic aspects of the functioning of the hazelnut market. The authors analyzed the dynamics of production of this type of product, considered the competitive positions of the main manufacturers in terms of pricing. The foreign experience of the production and sale of hazelnuts, which can be adapted in Russia, is considered. Based on the index analysis, the main reasons for the growth of turnover in the hazelnut market have been identified. The main trajectories of the world market development and their impact on the Russian economy are formulated.
The article considers the theoretical provisions of determining the effectiveness in nursery management, taking into account the specifics of this sub-sector. Using the data of the consolidated accounting statements of agricultural organizations in dynamics, the costs of fruit and berry nurseries, the efficiency of nursery production by type are analyzed. It is concluded that there is a significant level of other costs that determine the cost and selling price of nursery products.
This article is devoted to the development of the market of nuts and their processed products in Russia. The author gives an assessment of the impact of the implementation of the FCNTP on the horticulture system in general and nut farming in particular. The expediency and economic efficiency of mass production of Russian walnut and hazelnut seedlings are substantiated. The cost of various options for laying walnut orchards is calculated, depending on the technology and the source of planting material. Based on the data of the forecast of socio-economic development of Russia, the author has developed a scenario for the development of nut production, within which the amount of subsidies necessary for laying perennial plantations and supporting agricultural business entities is calculated. The system of functioning of marketing systems in the context of their internal structure is described in the form of logical and graphical models. The experience of production and sales relations is studied on the example of the republics of Adygea and Dagestan, as well as the Krasnoyarsk Territory.