In the current realities of the market economy, agricultural organizations in Russia, which have the main task associated with ensuring the necessary level of agricultural production, often need state support for agricultural production. The main instruments of state financing of the production sector is reduced to the provision of a single subsidy, which is currently aimed at supporting production and the implementation of priority areas of stimulation. However, it is necessary to have an idea about the real dependence of agricultural organizations on the level of state financing, as well as about the effectiveness of subsidies use. There is no doubt that the indicators reflected in the State Program for the Development and Regulation of Markets of Agricultural Products, Raw Materials and Foodstuffs are used, but, in our opinion, this does not give a full assessment of this direction of the country's agricultural policy. The search for new options for assessing and interpreting the indicators that give an idea of the effectiveness of state support and its level will give the opportunity to analyze the current situation more objectively and outline possible proposals to optimize the existing tools and mechanisms of state financing of agriculture.
The article provides a justification for integration links in industrial entrepreneurship using the example of a potato-growing subcomplex in order to create points of economic growth. The scientific work considers the gradual improvement of industrial and economic relations based on the development of sectoral and internal specialization with the participation of scientific and government structures. The author considers industrial and economic relations as an integral part of the implementation of the economic mechanism. At the same time, it is proposed in potato farming to create organizational and legal associations of business entities in the form of associations, which requires the formation of a system of contractual relations based on integration ties. The proposed organizational and legal form of associations in the potato growing sub-sector allows us to comply with market principles, namely: flexibility, financial independence, voluntary.
Flour and cereal products are considered an important food segment for the world population, differences in consumption of which are based on the preferences of residents of countries associated with traditions and taste characteristics. Given the differences in the availability of these products, there is a need to clarify the countries of exporters and importers on the world market. The purpose of the work is to identify the features of the functioning and development of the world market of flour and cereal products, including wheat and wheat-rye flour, and to determine the forecast values of this food segment. During the analysis of the flour and cereal products market, various scientific research methods were used: deduction and induction, monographic, comparative, graphical and tabular presentation of data, statistical analysis and forecasting. The article is devoted to identifying trends in the world market of flour and cereal products, including wheat and wheat-rye flour. Countries producing flour, exporters and consumers of the food segment in the global space have been identified. The features of some countries that for many years have held leading positions in the world market within the segment under study are given. The fact has been revealed that large flour producers are not always leaders in the export of these products. The place of Russia in the world market of cereals and flour has been clarified. Based on the analytical review, a trend equation was developed, which was used to determine the forecast parameters for the export of wheat and wheat-rye flour.
At present, the state is increasing its attention to the problem of food security. The leading role in its solution is given to the spatial development of crop production. The most efficient and at the same time the least costly way to increase the production of crop products is the competent spatial organization of the industry. Management decisions on the spatial development of crop production should be based on the results of diagnostics of the current state and development of the industry in certain regions. In this regard, research on the diagnosis of the spatial development of crop production is of particular relevance. The purpose of this work is to propose a methodological approach to the diagnosis of the spatial development of crop production. The proposed approach is based on an assessment of the conditions and results of crop production, with subsequent modeling of the dependence of crop production efficiency on the availability of resources in the industry. In the course of diagnostics, statistical methods were used to analyze indicators characterizing the conditions of spatial development of crop production. The results of the study showed that the regions of the Non-Black Earth Zone differ from each other in terms of the conditions for crop production, while the change in conditions is zonal in nature. The analysis of regression equations describing the results of crop production from the availability of natural and production resources in the regions made it possible to identify the factors that have the strongest impact on the development of the industry in each agricultural zone, as well as identify problems that hinder its development. The obtained diagnostic results made it possible to formulate priority directions for the development of crop production for each agricultural zone of the Non-Black Earth Region.
The article sets out a marginal approach to assessing the profitability of organizations participating in the dairy chain using the example of the Republic of Bashkortostan. At the first stage, participants in each link of the dairy chain are grouped based on ranking by the value of the rate of net profit on capital. Next, organizations are determined whose values of this indicator are higher than the average value for the analyzed population and "leaders" are distinguished in each link. Then CVP analyzes the organizations of leaders in order to determine the financial stability of organizations in the dairy chain. This makes it possible to assess the level of entrepreneurial activity of organizations integrated into the dairy chain, taking into account regional specifics.
The article presents a solution to certain issues of ensuring food security in Russia in terms of promoting the harmonious development and strategic sustainability of the agro-industrial complex (AIC) and rural areas using artificial intelligence technology. Based on the analysis of current scientific, methodological and analytical literature, the work clarifies and formulates the definition of artificial intelligence as a technological system, reveals its essence and content in relation to the development of the AIC and rural areas. The article outlines the main areas of application of artificial intelligence in the AIC and development of rural areas in terms of ensuring food security in Russia at the systemic level. It is noted that the use of artificial intelligence to forecast the population's need for food products, based on the standard diet based on the required human consumption of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and drinking water based on the principle of regular, sufficient and balanced nutrition, plays a significant role in solving food security issues. The work indicates that this factor is decisive in terms of ensuring food security at the systemic level based on strategic sustainability. The article presents a number of recommendations on the use of artificial intelligence technology to form a national digital platform that allows solving problems of strategic planning and management of socio-economic systems, including industry and territorial ones. This platform, conventionally called Gosplan 2.0 or «Digital Gosplan», based on artificial intelligence technology will allow both planning and organizing the production of agricultural products, and managing the harmonious development of rural areas to ensure food security at the national level.
The growth of employment in agricultural production has a direct impact on the efficiency of water use and the provision of products to the population. At the same time, one of the important aspects is the assessment of the achievement of the objectives of the Food Security Doctrine of the Russian Federation in terms of personnel support for Russian agriculture in the field of water supply. There is a need to provide the water use system in agriculture with scientific support and staffing. In addition, improving the social efficiency of the functioning of the water use system consists in increasing employment of the population while expanding the land fund in the regions of the country due to the involvement of reclaimed lands.
The article provides an analysis of the normative legal field, which forms the framework conditions, regulatory legal acts regulating tourist activities and the activities of tourism enterprises in rural areas. The institutional features of the development of the tourism and hospitality industry in rural areas are analyzed. The main areas of regulation of tourist activity in the Russian Federation, related to the determination of priority directions in the development of Russian tourism, the development and implementation of federal, branch, target and regional programs for the development of tourism, are analyzed. An analysis of the state financial stimulation of the development of tourist infrastructure, increasing the availability of tourist products in the Russia, and a systematic assessment of management in the sphere of tourism in the Russian Federation is given. Comparative characteristics of the practice of state financial stimulation of the development of tourist infrastructure allowed to identify common approaches and practices of the development of tourist infrastructure and the hospitality industry in rural areas, and will present the characteristics of the best foreign practices for further evaluation of the possibility of their use in the Russian Federation.
The current conditions for the development of the agricultural sector of the Russian economy are associated with many circumstances of various orientations. At the same time, the influence of seasonality and the predominance of risky farming zones in Russia are currently aggravated by additional risk factors, including the risks of increasing the level of agricultural production manufacturability and the transformation of the competencies of workers involved in these processes. Given the importance of rural agriculture in ensuring the country's food security, the formation, exploration and development of the potential of the agro-industrial complex is the primary task of the strategic development of the Russian economy. Scientific research in the field of building the human resources of agriculture covers the urgent problem of increasing the productivity of agricultural labor, as well as saturating agro-industrial enterprises with highly qualified personnel with a set of competencies necessary for technological development. The purpose of the study is to identify and systematize the features of the formation of personnel potential in agriculture. The results obtained can be used in the development and implementation of strategic directions for the development of human resources, both individual agricultural enterprises and the agro-industrial industry as a whole.
The agricultural sector of foreign countries, primarily developed ones, faced an acute shortage of labor and qualified personnel. This creates significant problems that hinder the sustainable development of agricultural production. The availability of skilled labour in agriculture is influenced by policies that cover many different areas, including education and training, labour markets, migration, regional and rural development policies. The shortage of labor and skilled personnel is of deep concern in countries with relatively extensive agricultural production, aging populations, rapid technical measurements and ongoing structural restructuring in the sector. Countries are taking different approaches to overcome these obstacles and improve the industry's image as a career destination for young people.