During the economic crisis associated with the pandemic, the agro-industrial sector suffered the least losses in comparison with other industries. This is due to the fact that agriculture is a priority segment of ensuring the food security of our country and individual regions. At the same time, a significant share of Russian agro-industrial products is in demand abroad, which makes it possible to ensure stable export supplies and ensure the necessary level of economic efficiency for organizations in the analyzed industry. The article examines the concept and essence of anti-crisis management of the agro-industrial complex, analyzes the results of the development of the industry, identifies the main problems and promising mechanisms of anti-crisis management, including in the conditions of economic recovery after the pandemic.
The article discusses the theories of spatial development, explores their features and patterns. Special attention is paid to the study of theoretical approaches to the theory of spatial development of agriculture. An important research feature is the analysis of scientific works of Soviet, Russian and foreign scientists in the field of spatial development in general and agriculture in particular. The presented research will complement the theory and practice of managing the spatial development of agriculture.
In the article, in the context of taking into account the new conditions and requirements for the development of the domestic agro-food sector, caused by sanctions against Russia, the issues of methods for assessing the effectiveness and reserves of the work of agricultural organizations are considered. On the example of agricultural enterprises of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation, calculations were made to test the proposed methodological approaches.
The adaptation of the agricultural sector to the adverse effects of the ongoing climate change is a challenge facing modern agriculture. One of the key signs of climate change is an increase in the average annual air temperature. In the world over the past 100 years, the average air temperature has increased by 2 degrees, especially this trend has accelerated over the past 30 years. Agriculture is one of the types of economic activities sensitive to climate change. In order to develop effective mechanisms to reduce the risks of economic and other types of damage associated with global warming, it is necessary to clearly understand what difficulties each region will face individually, as well as what challenges will be typical for different groups of regions. The purpose of this study is to typologies and further characterize the potential of agriculture in regions with different levels of temperature anomalies in the summer. The main research methods were the method of statistical grouping and correlation and regression analysis. The article presents an interval distribution series that allows us to identify regions with the minimum, average and maximum levels of temperature increase in July in 2003, 2008, 2013, 2014, as well as in the period 1976-2018 in the summer. The characteristics of each group of regions in terms of the potential and conditions of functioning of agriculture in these regions are given. A regression model with a dummy variable is constructed, which makes it possible to assess the impact and further predict grain yields taking into account the observed temperature anomaly. The key conclusion of this study is the fact that a third of Russian regions with a high level of resource potential of agriculture are in the group with an high increase in temperature over the past 40 years, significantly affecting the efficiency of agriculture.
The article is devoted to the tasks and directions of digitalization of agriculture. The purpose of the study is to identify the current level of development of digital technologies and the problems of their implementation in agricultural production. It is established that the transition to digital technologies will contribute to changing the technological structure in the agricultural sector, improving the skills of workers, labor productivity and product quality, which in general will have a positive impact on strengthening food security of the country.
Healthy nutrition cannot be provided without sustainable development of the fruit and vegetable sector. The category "sustainability" is used to determine the ability of the system to maintain its current state under the influence of external influences, and "sustainable development" defines the process of change in which the exploitation of resources, the direction of investment, the orientation of technological development and institutional changes are consistent with current and future needs. In this aspect, the sustainable development of the fruit and vegetable branch of agriculture should be viewed through the prism of the entire commodity chain, from production to consumption, and taking into account political, economic, social, demographic and environmental aspects. Sustainability implies stability not only in the production of total volumes of fruits and vegetables, but also such indicators as production and consumption per capita, i.e. a simple increase in the physical volume of production of vegetables and fruits should correspond to qualitative growth.
The article presents a retrospective analysis of the development of the fishing industry from the position of replacing fish catch with aquaculture. Modern conditions of increasing competition in the market of fish and fish products stimulate producers to introduce innovative technologies, which requires additional investments. In the course of the study, all three sources of financing of economic activity were considered, the availability of credit resources, the level of state support for industry producers and consumer ability were assessed. Measures have been developed to increase the attractiveness and the possibility of increasing the share of fish products most valuable for human health in the diet of the Russian population.
The article discusses the impact of the digital transformation of the economy on the intersectoral interaction development in the agro-industrial complex. The Digital Development Strategies of 42 regions were analyzed, which indicated agriculture among the priority sectors for modernization. Priority tasks for the digitalization of agriculture have been identified. Based on a questionnaire survey, methods of economic interaction that are relevant for farmers have been identified. The tax legislation has been analyzed and incentives for the development of intersectoral interaction have been identified.
The scientific article is devoted to the analysis of the main trends in the development of leasing in the segment of public sector enterprises. The article analyzes the current state of leasing for state-owned enterprises, the specifics of conducting competitive procedures for organizing the purchase of leasing services, as well as possible corruption risks. The relevance of the study is to identify the factors hindering the development of competition in the market of leasing services for state-owned enterprises. The article analyzes the role of leasing as a financial mechanism in providing public sector enterprises with new machines and equipment. Measures are proposed by which it is possible to improve the quality of leasing services by increasing competition between leasing companies.
The article deals with certain issues of the financial mechanism for the implementation of innovative activities in the agro-industrial complex of Russia. There is a relatively low level of innovative activity of agricultural producers in crop production and animal husbandry, which is due to a lack of financial and investment resources for their implementation and development, as well as a significant lag in state support for innovations in agriculture in comparison with developed countries. The author's understanding of the financial mechanism of innovation development in the agro-industrial complex of Russia is presented. In order to activate innovative development, it is proposed to use the so-called "green bonds" to expand the financing of innovations, including in organic agriculture, on the one hand, and to stimulate investments of private agricultural business in research organizations through the endowment fund institute, on the other hand.