Relevance. Labor potential is a key factor in the sustainability and competitiveness of the agro-industrial complex. Migration processes, including labor, forced and seasonal migration, have a complex and often contradictory impact on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of this potential, which requires in-depth analysis to develop an effective HR policy. Statement of the problem. There is significant uncertainty in understanding the degree and direction of the influence of various types of migration on the key parameters of the labor potential of the agro-industrial complex, such as the number of employees, age structure, skill level, labor productivity, wage level and labor shortage. The lack of quantitative estimates of this impact complicates the development of targeted regulatory measures. Objective. To conduct a quantitative assessment of the impact of various types of migration, namely labor and forced, on the parameters of the labor potential of regional agro-industrial complexes of the Russian Federation. Methods. The study is based on the analysis of panel data on the regions of the Russian Federation for the period from 2010 to 2023. To assess the impact of migration, an econometric model with fixed effects (to account for regional specifics) and instrumental variables (to solve the endogeneity problem) was used. Results. A statistically significant positive impact of migration growth on the employment dynamics and overall labor potential of the agro-industrial complex was revealed, especially pronounced in regions with negative demographic trends. Labor migration has a significant positive impact on filling vacancies and reducing the severity of the personnel shortage, but at the same time has a negative impact on the level of wages of low-skilled workers. The impact of labor migration on the long-term dynamics of the qualification structure of workers in the agro-industrial complex is ambiguous. Forced migration demonstrates a short-term negative impact on the stability of the personnel structure of the agro-industrial complex. Key findings. The results emphasize the ambiguous and multifaceted nature of the impact of migration on the labor potential of the agro-industrial complex. To improve the efficiency of using labor resources, a differentiated migration and personnel policy is needed that takes into account the type of migration flows, the specifics of regions (demographic trends, structure of the agro-industrial complex) and target parameters of labor potential.
Current areas of domestic tourism development include offering tourists a variety of its types and forms and organizing non-standard types of recreation and entertainment. Agrotourism is becoming one of such alternatives to traditional (mass) types of tourism. The article is devoted to the problems of increasing the attractiveness of agrotourism for young people, who can act in the considered system as both a consumer and a producer of tourist services. Revealing the research topic in a logical sequence, the author first of all pays attention to the issues of identification of agrotourism, the classification feature of which is immersion in the work of agricultural enterprises, and its differentiation from rural tourism, the defining feature of which is a polygon – rural territories. The components emphasizing the multidimensional nature and complexity of these concepts are highlighted. The paper also presents the results of a survey of representatives of modern youth, mainly from the student community, demonstrating the degree of knowledge and understanding of the essence of agrotourism, preferences for certain types of tourist activity. A list of factors hindering and stimulating the involvement of young people in agrotourism has been identified. From the point of view of young people, priority directions for the development and improvement of the agrotourism system are proposed, related to information support, marketing support, and providing comfortable conditions for tourist activity in agriculture.
The article presents an analysis of the current state of the labor market in the Russian agricultural industry. The dynamics of the number of employees, the age structure of employees and regional characteristics of the distribution of labor resources were studied. Key problems of staffing the agricultural sector have been identified, including a shortage of qualified personnel and the migration of the working-age population from rural areas. The impact of climatic factors and digitalization on labor productivity was analyzed. Promising directions for the development of the agricultural labor market have been proposed, including the improvement of the agricultural education system and state employment support.
With the development of the digital transformation of society, the role and importance of labor resources are changing qualitatively. This is due to the fact that the ongoing activation leads to the fact that the requirements for the quality of labor activity in society are increasing, in particular, the intellectualization of labor is growing. Today, the problem of attracting labor resources to the country's economy should be based on the growth of labor productivity, technical and technological modernization, digital transformation of all sectors of the economy, it is also important to identify other significant points of growth in the efficiency of the national economy related to labor relations. Currently, the population growth rate in the country has a negative trend. Taking this into account, there is a reduction in the working population, including in the agricultural sector. In order to increase production efficiency and improve the demographic situation, separate proposals have been made to solve this problem.
The article presents a rationale for the main trends in the formation of the global agro-food complex against the backdrop of the expansion and development of BRICS. Based on the analysis of current scientific, methodological and analytical literature, as well as statistical and regulatory information, the work examines and clarifies the concepts of "global transformation of markets", "global economic system", "global agro-food complex", etc. The enormous role of the BRICS association as a basic institutional basis for the development and increase in the global significance of the countries of the Global South and the Global East is noted. From the point of view of a systems approach, the article presents a rationale for the fact that the global agro-food complex is an emerging global economic system, and the main systemic features of this systemic phenomenon are noted. It is noted that the formation of this complex occurs on the basis of several classes of trends. Thus, the work presents a classification of these trends from the point of view of various criteria. The need for classification from the point of view of the universality or space of manifestation of these trends is separately substantiated. From this point of view, general (universal), industry-wide and specific industry trends in the formation of the global agro-food complex are identified. In particular, the trends of polycentrism and the increasing role of the BRICS countries and their partners, clustering, technologization, the growing importance of logistics, changes in the consumption structure in the BRICS countries, the transfer of profit centers from the countries of the collective West to the states of the Global South and Global East, etc. are substantiated. Also, the work formulates the main directions of development of the BRICS association, noting its fundamental role in the formation of the global agro-food complex in the context of the global transformation of the world economy and new global challenges.
В статье исследуются ключевые тенденции современного этапа цифровой трансформации предприятий аграрного сектора Союзного государства России и Беларуси. Выделены отраслевые особенности, отражающие специфику процессов внедрения передовых технологий в сельское хозяйство. Отдельное внимание уделено нормативно-правовой базе, регулирующей данные процессы. Акцент сделан на опыте, накопленном АПК Республики Беларусь. По результатам анализа литературных источников по исследуемой тематике произведен обоснованный отбор наиболее перспективных направлений цифровизации аграрного производства. Приведена классификация стратегий цифровизации сельскохозяйственных предприятий. Предложена схема выбора наиболее подходящей стратегии. Разработан ряд практических рекомендаций по интенсификации цифрового развития аграрного сектора Союзного государства.
Ethiopia's entry into the BRICS was largely unexpected and raises a lot of questions about the purpose and necessity of its presence at this site. On the one hand, this country, like Iran, held the most solidary position with Russia in the UN General Assembly among the new BRICS members, and probably agreement with Russia on international political issues was important when deciding whether to include the state in the grouping. On the other hand, due to the fact that Egypt and Ethiopia are geopolitical opponents, other BRICS members will now have to participate in solving the water problem. Also, among the factors that influenced Ethiopia's accession to the BRICS, it should be noted the obvious political, financial, military and food dependence of the state on the economic leaders of the BRICS. For example, China and India are the main investors, Russia and China are the main suppliers of weapons; Ethiopia is one of the main debtors to the world's largest economy and the co-founder of BRICS, China. Ethiopia is a member of the Association of African, Caribbean and Pacific Countries (ACP) and the African Union (AU), therefore, the strategic importance of Ethiopia's accession is great not only for BRICS, but also for the countries of the Global South. Other African countries with comparably low socio-economic indicators will be interested in cooperating with the group, which will expand the influence of the BRICS founders on the continent. Joining the alliance from an economic and food point of view can allow Ethiopia to solve the problems of poverty and hunger, provided that BRICS activities move from summits, regular consultations and statements to full-fledged humanitarian assistance. The article analyzes the provision of food security in Ethiopia in the context of joining the BRICS.
The article examines the main trends and prospects for the development of the agricultural sector of the BRICS countries in modern geo-economic conditions. The purpose of this study is to study and analyze the features of the development of the agricultural sector of the BRICS countries, as well as to identify promising areas of cooperation in this area. The study analyzes key trends and factors that shape the modern global economic system, and outlines the prospects for the development of BRICS and its role in shaping the global agenda and promoting the concept of a polycentric world. The countries of the association participate in joint projects and initiatives aimed at developing the agro-industrial complex, including cooperation in agriculture, food security and technological innovation. Russia is interested in improving the conditions of access of agricultural export products to the markets of BRICS countries and developing transport and logistics infrastructure. In the current conditions of foreign economic activity, when the task of increasing the efficiency of Russian exports is urgent, the expansion of BRICS creates both new opportunities and new challenges for the agricultural sector.
The article focuses on the formation of a system of criteria and indicators for the purpose of determining the level of economic security in agricultural organizations. The main scientific approaches to the definition of criteria for its assessment are presented. The ranges of the sums of the weighting coefficients of the functional components of the economic security of organizations in various sectors of the national economy are determined. The main structural components of the proposed methodological approach are formed on the basis of a step-by-step sequence of its implementation. The developed methodology involves the use of indicators for assessing the economic security of an organization in accordance with the recommended approach. The proposed methodology was tested using the example of a specific agricultural organization.
The article is devoted to the analysis of the peculiarities of the formation of prices and price relations in the agro-industrial complex of Russia in modern conditions. The author notes that in recent decades, the development of the agricultural sector has occurred with minimal government involvement in regulating price relations. At the same time, this problem has significantly worsened in the context of increasing sanctions pressure on the domestic economy. The study showed that in the period 2022-2024, there was an increase in price imbalances between agriculture and other agricultural sectors, as well as the consumer market. The article provides an analysis of the price dynamics for the main industrial materials used in agriculture in the period 2018-2024. The author has calculated the price ratios between the II and I spheres of the agroindustrial complex using the index method and the method of comparing the exchange value of manufactured products and purchased means of production. As a result of the accumulated price imbalances between the II and I agricultural sectors due to the rising costs of seeds, fuels and lubricants, chemical plant protection products, feed, vaccines, wages, machinery and equipment, logistics, there is a decrease in the purchasing power of farmers. The article presents the key instruments of economic regulation used by the Russian Government to stabilize prices in the agri-food market. The author suggests directions for improving price relations in the agro-industrial complex.