Trade is an integral part of the Russian agri-food system, which unites organizations at all stages of agri-food value chains, linking producers from different regions of the country. By moving agri-food from regions with excess production to regions with deficits, trade contributes to food security, diversity of available food products, and can influence preferences and diets. Trade affects food prices and resource distribution. In this context, it is important to optimize routing and more accurately predict delivery times for agricultural products, raw materials and food, increasing the economic efficiency of trade through improved logistics.
The article dealing with the modern development of the material and technical support infrastructure for the Russian agri-food system outlines key tasks the solution of which requires an analysis of a wide range of problems and opportunities. An overview of the regulatory documents on the following problem is given, including those defining the overall strategic development of Russia in the long term. It has been substantiated that development of optimal resource management models should rely upon maximum classification features including regeneration ability of the material and technical resources, sector specific, the nature of the cost transfer to the final product, the degree of exposure to geographical and environmental factors. An assessment of the resource intensity of agri-food production in Russia is given, which, among other things, took into account the consumption of fuel and energy resources in agriculture, the food industry, as well as agricultural mineral fertilizers and pesticides. A general approach to improving the material and technical support for the agri-food system has been formulated.
In today's world, where economic and social challenges are constantly changing, the issue of food security is becoming more urgent, and the analytical data obtained as a result of monitoring the indicator system require a deep and comprehensive interpretation. In practice, the use of analytical data faces a number of limitations, including issues of data availability and reliability, as well as the complexity of their aggregation and interpretation in the context of rapidly changing external and internal conditions. The purpose of this study is to interpret the analytical data of the system of indicators for assessing food security, published in the journal Economics, Labor, Management in Agriculture in No. 4 for 2024. Based on the previously published system of indicators, this work has processed primary analytical data and interpreted them in the context of sub-indexes: scientific and innovative activities of agricultural organizations; food independence; economic accessibility; physical accessibility; government support; investment activity; the state of the food market, purchasing power of the population, food quality; food consumption, food and the energy value of the diet. In the study, a comprehensive food security index was calculated, its characteristics were given, and a correlation analysis of integral indicators of food security assessment was made. The presented research does not pretend to be exhaustive, objective and systematic. In this regard, we ask the readers of this publication, if possible, to give their feedback on the submitted article.
The article analyzes the growth of agriculture in Russia in recent years. Such high growth rates have become one of the key factors in the development of the country's economy. This sector of the economy is showing steady growth due to government support, the introduction of modern technologies and increased exports of products. The main growth factors have been identified: 1. Government support. Government subsidy programs for farmers, infrastructure development in rural areas and measures to support producers have increased production and increased its profitability. Special attention is paid to the development of agro-industrial complexes and cooperation of small farms. 2. Import substitution. After the imposition of sanctions and the retaliatory food embargo in 2014, Russia stepped up efforts to develop its own agriculture. This has made it possible to reduce dependence on imported goods and strengthen the position of domestic producers. 3. Export potential. Russia has become one of the world's leading wheat exporters, ahead of countries such as the United States and Canada. Grain exports break records every year. Exports of meat products, sunflower oil, dairy products and fish are increasing. 4. Introduction of innovative technologies. Modern agro-technologies, including precision farming, the use of robots and automation of processes, can increase yields and reduce costs. 5. Increased investment. This article examines the inflow of investments, both from the state and from private business. It promotes the modernization of agricultural enterprises and the development of new areas such as organic farming. The actual problems of the agricultural sector development have been identified. Despite all of the above advantages, they exist. For example, uneven rural development: many regions are lagging behind in terms of technology and infrastructure. There is also a shortage of personnel: a shortage of specialists in the agricultural sector. And dependence on weather conditions and climatic changes.
Regular collection and analysis of reporting data on the activities of agro-industrial enterprises at the state level forms a direct and indirect characteristic of the food security of the Russia, identifies risks and threats, and causes a chain reaction to prevent and minimize them. An economic entity, carrying out economic activities in the agricultural sector, is obliged to provide a set of interrelated reliable information on the availability and dynamics of economic processes in various formats to government agencies and other interested users. Enterprises of the agro-industrial complex must submit accounting, tax, statistical, and industry-specific (including FGIS) reports, observing the requirements of comparability and consistency of analytical, synthetic, quantitative, and non-financial data in all forms presented. Therefore, the process of preparing standard and specialized reports for external presentation is a set of coordinated actions of responsible employees of an agricultural enterprise, presumably possessing the necessary competencies, responsibilities and professional judgment. Annual changes in the requirements for reporting procedures and forms have a significant impact on the accounting and control system of enterprises and require a careful review of the usual procedures and rules established by accounting policies and other internal regulatory documents. The interconnection of diverse quantitative and summary indicators, explanations, adjustments, compliance with logical relationships and control relationships, independent identification of distortions and control over the correctness of reports are important management tasks that are being solved today through the analytical and digital transformation of accounting processes of the enterprise, as well as through the qualitative development of the internal control environment.
The state of the agricultural enterprise human capital plays an important role in terms of the effective realization of its potential and ensuring financial stability. The negative personnel trends observed in agricultural enterprises substantiate the importance of developing appropriate policies and measures for the human capital development and maintenance. In these circumstances, it seems appropriate to apply the stakeholder theory, which makes it possible to identify stakeholders in terms of the agricultural organization human capital that can influence its activities. The specific approaches to the classification of stakeholders, allowing them to be grouped according to various criteria are presented in the paper. These include belonging to an internal or external business environment; the level of involvement in the organization's activities; the type of interest in an organization in the context of assessing the state and sufficiency of measures for the human capital development and maintenance. As a result, target groups were formed, for which graphical models were presented that make it possible to analyze the impact and importance of these groups, as well as the impact of the agricultural enterprise itself on stakeholders. The matrix and the stakeholder map made it possible to clearly demonstrate the place of stakeholders in the business model of an agricultural organization, which is important from the point of managerial decision-making view.
The article outlines the prerequisites and evolution of the creation and development of scientific and technological infrastructure in the Russian Federation; on this basis, problems were identified and measures were developed to improve the tools for ensuring the technological sovereignty of the Russian economy. The history of the creation of technoparks in Russia is studied, from the science cities of the USSR to modern technoparks, as well as their role in the economic development of the country. Key factors affecting the development of technoparks, their structure and concept, modern trends and problems are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of Russian technoparks in the field of RCC, as well as recommendations on improving the mechanisms for stimulating their development in the Russian Federation.
In recent years, the aquaculture products have been noticed outpacing industrial fishing products. The reason for this phenomenon lies in the growing world population that requires an increasing amount of produced and consumed food. Fish products and seafood, in particular, play vital role in providing animal protein for a healthy lifestyle. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) forecasts that aquaculture production will increase to 201 million tons by 2030. Most of this increase will come from developing countries. Today, commercial aquaculture has become an essential part of the fishing industry in many countries, as it is a rapidly growing and promising economic activity. There are very good conditions and opportunities in Russia for the further development of this industry due to its abundance of lakes, rivers, and coastal waters. These factors make it an ideal location for growing fish and seafood products. At the initial stage of the aquaculture development, all required equipment was purchased abroad. This practice was justified before, but now the current high dependence on imports of the main components for commercial aquaculture causes numerous issues for Russian producers. These risks may turn into suspension of work of large companies that cultivate Atlantic salmon. With the right and systematic application of natural, technological, and scientific advantages, along with the necessary investment, Russia has a high potential to address these challenges in a timely manner.
The article examines environmental efficiency as an independent category and the basis for creating favorable conditions for managing and living a person. The authors note that the ecological environment is one of the main factors of production. The purpose of the study is to study the features of environmental efficiency assessment in the system of types of efficiency adopted in modern conditions, as well as ways to improve the environmental situation in the Russia. The main methodological approaches to determining environmental efficiency are considered; positive trends towards solving environmental problems in recent years have been noted both in the global community as a whole and in the Russia, in particular; based on the presented methodological approaches, it is possible to estimate the size of marginal specific investments necessary for the conservation and reproduction of ecosystems, as well as optimize anthropogenic loads. the impact on ecosystems combined with compliance with environmental standards and regulations. It is predetermined that the results of the study, when applied in practice, will contribute to improving the environmental environment in the regions of the country with an increased level of anthropogenic pollution.
The article examines the financial and economic results of the activities of organizations of the agricultural, processing and trading links of the dairy chain of the Voronezh region in 2022-2023. On the basis of groupings, structural shifts are identified due to changes in the financial and economic condition of organizations. A point assessment of the financial condition is used as a criterion for the distribution of organizations into groups. The possibility of dominance in the system of economic relations is assessed.