The first positive results of functioning of agriculture of Russia since the period of the collapse of the USSR were achieved after the 2000th when the Government of the country began to carry out the new agrarian policy providing development of the whole complex of the projects connected with granting the state support to set of measures aimed at the development of all spheres of agrarian and industrial complex. Realization of these actions promoted achievement of necessary indicators of import substitution and self-reliance of the state on most the industries of agrarian and industrial complex and also formation of an exportoriented course of development of agrarian production. However, in the conditions of the macroeconomic instability connected with aggravation of a geopolitical situation in the world and which is directly infringing on the interests of domestic agricultural producers there are relevant problems of search of new, more effective forms of the state support of the industry taking into account the developed realities. In this regard the purpose of the presented work is the analysis of the reached level of development of the agricultural production of Russia which is reflected in the main results of its foreign economic activity, a research of features of the existing mechanism of the state support of exportoriented producers of the country, identification in the regional level of "narrow" places of functioning of the industry and also development of practical recommendations about their elimination. Authors investigated the operating mechanism of the state support of participants of foreign economic activity of Russia, subjects of its granting are specified and content at each stage of life cycle of the export project is disclosed. In work for the analyzed period of time dynamics of export and import of agricultural raw materials and food as countrywide, and at the level of its certain regions (Saratov region) is investigated. In article the problem of deficiency of the objects ensuring safety of the produced raw materials (grain) within the explored region taking into account which it is offered to provide target subsidies for purchase of elevators for set of the largest agricultural organizations of area is underlined. It is calculated that realization of the offered actions will require 0.975 million rubles budgetary funds.
The article proves that the effective use of human potential is the basis of spatial development of rural areas of Russia. Optimization measures are proposed structures for training specialists taking into account new economic challenges, including those related to increasing the export potential of rural areas. It is proved that the developed methodological approach to assessing the efficiency of using the human potential of rural territories of the region using correlation-regression and cluster analysis (including hierarchical and flat, clear and fuzzy algorithms) should be used in the analytical work of economic services of the agricultural sector of the region. This will improve the quality of analytical work in this direction, scientifically substantiate strategic decisions to optimize the spatial development of rural areas.
The article is devoted to state support for the production of organic products in Russia. It examines all existing measures of state support for the production of such products: stimulating domestic demand for organic products, tech- nology development and the use of startups and innovations in the production of these products; elimination of admin- istrative barriers and improvement of regulation. There are also direct and indirect types of state support for the pro- duction of agricultural products, which can also be applied to organic products. Proposals are made to improve state support for the production of organic products.
The article considers the price proportions that develop during the bidding process for agricultural land plots. Their level is compared with the cadastral valuation of land and estimated rent. The influence of payments for the right to use land as a production resource in agricultural production on income from agricultural activities is analyzed. The emerging price imbalances in the emerging agricultural land market at the level of one of the subjects of the Central Chernozem Economic Region (Tambov region) are analyzed.
. The article studies the institutions of land property management: the market institution is analyzed, the main key goals and objectives of functioning are identified, the key direction of the institution's work in the form of trust management is determined, and the format of the implementation of the functions of this institution in the context of individual subjects of the Russian Federation is analyzed. The state institute of land property management has been studied, in terms of the management of lands that are in state and municipal ownership, the features of this institution have been identified in the context of analyzing the work of progressive regions on the development of state administration. The generalized analysis of the functioning of the declared institutions made it possible to determine their real shortcomings in the conditions of further development. Based on the results of the study, elements of the development of the current system of land property management are presented based on the integration and improvement of the func- tions of existing management institutions in the context of the creation of a specialized entity - the Institute for the Distribution of Land Property on Agricultural Land, with the definition of the fundamental tasks of the represented entity and its status in the context of the completion of the provisions of the land reform.
The article considers the features of the organization and functioning of entrepreneurial activity in the form of a national enterprise. The regulatory framework regulating legal and economic relations in this field of activity is analyzed. The legal assessment of the legal basis of this organizational and legal form is given. The structure of the national enterprise with the features of the competencies of the governing bodies is indicated. The judicial practice concerning the main controversial issues arising in the process of economic activity of people's enterprises is high- lighted.
The article analyzes a wide range of techniques and methods for assessing human capital, highlights the features of its measurement in the field of agricultural production. One of these key features is the need to take into account the conditions of capital reproduction, which are largely determined by the development of rural infrastructure. Some indicators characterizing the human capital of the agricultural sector are already presented in methodological approaches to assess the conditions for the formation and development of human capital of territories and regions. These indicators should be supplemented and refined with estimates of the infrastructural provision of labor resources of agricultural production territories. Human capital measurement procedures are based on methods of cost estimation, calculation of future income, analysis of statistical data. Valuation techniques allow us to quantify both the cost parameters of human capital calculated on the basis of financial data and growth indicators, and to evaluate its natural- material form, as well as qualitative characteristics using methods of comparative analysis, normalization of absolute values and the use of conditional indicators. Indicators of infrastructural security of reproduction of human capital should characterize the full range of necessary living conditions in rural areas, be taken into account when developing management decisions on the development of human capital in the agricultural sector, as well as when forming a strategy for long term sustainable growth of domestic agriculture.
Currently, the socio-economic conditions necessary for the formation and development of the labor potential of the agricultural sector are changing. In this regard, studies aimed at studying and assessing the socio-economic development of rural areas of the region become relevant, since the problem of developing the labor potential of the village cannot be considered separately from the rural areas themselves. The purpose of the study is to assess the impact of current threats to the socio–economic development of agriculture, to study the problems of attracting labor resources to the agricultural sector. The territorial dispersion of settlements in the Amur region, the length of communications and different levels of profitability are a serious deterrent to the development of territories and its labor potential. In the course of the research, the socio–economic conditions necessary for the development of the labor potential of the agricultural sector are analyzed. Digitalization and modernization of the agricultural sector creates demand for such labor resources that have traditional knowledge, as well as skills to work with information and digital technologies. The article analyzes the factors influencing the conditions for the development of labor potential in rural areas of the Amur region. The study is based on official materials of the territorial bodies of state statistics.
The article identifies the main age criteria for the category of "young scientist" based on the analysis of legal acts that regulate the support of young researchers in Russia. The authors emphasize that at present there is no single approach to determining the maximum age of the research staff that can be assigned to this category. The authors propose to clarify the category of "young scientist", which should include scientific staff without the degree at the age of 35, for candidates of sciences – up to 40 years, for doctors of sciences – up to 45 years. The article presents the analysis of the publication activity of young scientists of the FSBSI FRC AESDRA VNIIESH for the period 2017-2021. The authors notes that during the study period, the share of publications of young scientists in the total number of publications of the organization was 10.8%. The article also presents the results of the questionnaire survey of young scientists, which revealed the most positive aspects of working in the scientific field, as well as the main problems that young scientists face in their work.
The article assesses the value of the employer's brand as a consequence of the interaction of various working conditions – elements of material and non-material motivation. The key approaches to the analysis of this phenomenon are analyzed and the conceptual foundations of the formation of the value of the employer's brand and value proposition are determined, methods and approaches of the labor economics concept to the evaluation of the HR brand are given. The relationship between the employer's brand and labor factors is shown. The interrelation of the company's brand, as a general one, and the value of the employer's brand, as a private one, is reflected in the framework of approaches to labor economics. The hypothesis of a direct connection between the working conditions formed by the employer and the growth of the value of the company's brand (as a whole) is formulated.