High-quality and high-yielding seeds are a fundamental parameter for the sustainable production of crop products, raw materials and food security solutions for any state. Seed production provides the crop sector with a basic factor of production, helping farmers to grow products at a lower cost while taking into account economic, social and environmental aspects. Russian seed production is currently largely dependent on imports. The state uses regulatory measures to stabilize the seed market. The ultimate goal of such activities should be the development of a reliable seed production system, the creation of sustainable seed markets, and the expansion of the choice of seed material and access to them by agricultural organizations.
The article focuses on the need for the formation of technical and technological complexes in cluster structures for the purpose of increasing production efficiency in agriculture in Russia. The prerequisites for the formation and structural features of the functioning of technical and technological complexes in agriculture are considered. These issues are considered in the aspect of the prevailing main problems in the development of agricultural production and its modernization, as well as the expected results of the functioning of technical and technological complexes. The structural and functional characteristics of technical and technological complexes are presented, taking into account the internal environment of technical and technological complexes, interacting with elements of the external environment, such as the financial and credit sector, the branch of agricultural engineering, the sphere of repair and maintenance, the scientific sphere of the agro-industrial complex, infrastructure and information and consulting support, agricultural organizations and organizations providing technological services in the agricultural sector, as well as foreign economic activity. The necessity of using hybrid telecommunication means of a relay type with the possibility of multicasting distribution in technical and technological complexes for the purposes of their effective functioning and timely provision of necessary machinery and equipment of the agricultural sub-sector is substantiated.
To maintain their reputation in the market, agricultural enterprises need to take into account external and internal factors and their own strategic potential. The ability of enterprises to quickly make changes to the range of manufactured goods ensures a flexible response to changes in the economic situation in the country and on the world market. When the life cycle of a food product moves to a new phase, it undergoes changes and the competitive strategy applied. Enterprises are required to switch to a new assortment, updated product range, choosing a new strategic development zone. The article presents an analysis of the financial stability and solvency of agricultural organizations in the region using the example of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic and Green Company LLC, and describes the results of the analysis of the commercial and production activities of one of the major players in the agro-industrial market Kabardino-Balkaria in the gross regional product.
A desk audit has two main features. First, it is a means of verifying the accuracy and completeness of tax returns, and second, it is the most important means of selecting taxpayers for an on-site audit. The organization of a desk audit is understood as an operational structure that regulates the procedure for determining the program and elements of control, as well as the planning, sequence, frequency and duration of each stage of the audit.
The article presents the results of an analysis of trends and prerequisites for the formation of an export-oriented cluster of the oil and fat subcomplex of the agro-industrial complex in the constituent entities of the Siberian Federal District (SFO). The purpose of the study is to generalize the prerequisites and substantiate the conditions for the development of the oil and fat subcomplex of the agro-industrial complex of Siberia in interaction with the key trading partner of the district – China. The hypothesis of the study is the assumption that the creation of a specialized export-oriented cluster of the oil and fat subcomplex of the Siberian agro-industrial complex will increase its competitiveness in world markets and ensure the realization of the export potential of the subjects of the Siberian Federal District. The creation of a cluster, the core of which should be joint Siberian-Chinese enterprises, will allow organizing high-tech production of oil and fat products of various technological stages and gaining competence in implementing joint projects in the field of food technology. Joint work within the framework of the highest form of cooperation - joint ventures, as well as in the context of a cluster structure accepted by the culture of a key trade and economic partner, can lead to mutually beneficial interaction and ensure the sustainability of relations between the two countries. The proposed scheme for the formation of added value of oil and fat products within the framework of an export-oriented cluster will take into account the national interests of partner states and will increase the efficiency of economic activities of potential participants.
The state and development of agriculture affects the interests of the state, since it reflects the level of food security in the country and directly affects the standard of living of the population, in this regard it becomes fundamentally important. Decision-making in agricultural production often takes place in conditions of incomplete information, and the existence of risk is associated with the presence of uncertainty. In order to prevent or minimize the consequences of risk, business entities in agriculture should constantly analyze the conditions that cause their occurrence. It is necessary to be aware of the inherent risks, assess and systematize the most significant risks for agricultural organizations. The purpose of the study is to identify risks specific to agriculture and their management. The methods, the use of which will bring closer to achieving the goals of this article, are to study the experience of Russian agricultural enterprises, analyze scientific literature, systematize and classify risks, as well as use research methods such as monographic, synthesis and other general scientific methods. As a result of the study, agricultural risks are proposed, as well as a scheme for the functioning of a risk management system in an agricultural organization. The article points to the need for an economic entity to develop a system of measures aimed at timely identification of risks, taking into account the specifics of an agricultural organization, since it helps to prevent threats of loss of stability of agricultural organizations.
The purpose of this study is to form the management of rural agglomerations in the form of autonomous non-profit organizations (associations), the development of which will be very relevant and should constantly develop along with the effectiveness of improving the management system and production and economic processes related to ensuring effective economic activity in rural areas, as well as respecting the rule of law, the rights and interests of all forms of ownership, including integration and agricultural cooperation. Currently, the management of the regional (municipal) agricultural, industrial and economic sphere can be attributed to poorly effective. Therefore, in the current situation related to the formation of management of rural agglomerations, it is necessary to identify the main ways, as well as formulate a set of measures related to improving the efficiency of agricultural business management and rural development. One of the main directions will be the functional interaction of rural agglomerations using industrial, social and economic factors, and the formation of an organizational and economic mechanism should be aimed at managerial activities and socio-financial development of associations in rural areas.
The article presents an analysis of the investment attractiveness of projects in a methodological and practical aspect, in the context of deepening specialization and concentration in potato farming. A retrospective analysis was carried out and an assessment of the indicators of investment attractiveness in the sub-sector was given, as well as the system of indicators most appropriate to modern conditions for the development of potato farming in the country was supplemented and clarified. The article considers the practical importance of increasing the investment attractiveness and investment climate based on the diagnosis of the system of financial and economic indicators on the example of specific potato-growing business entities of the central Federal District.
The relevance of the study is justified by the increase in the Saratov region in 2023 of the capacity for processing oilseeds by 500 thousand tons, the production of vegetable oils by 200 thousand tons and the need to solve the problem of providing raw materials (oilseeds). The purpose of the work is to build a cognitive model of the strategic development of the oil and fat subcomplex of the region based on the supply chain. In modern economic conditions of agricultural production, cognitive modeling technologies are actively developed and applied, but the issues of cognitive modeling of supply chains have not been sufficiently developed. The model proposed in the article involves the use of cognitive modeling technology to formalize semi-structured scenarios for the development of supply chains of participants in the oil and fat subcomplex of the region. The construction of a mathematical model using elements of set theory and linear algebra is justified. To achieve this goal, V.B. Silov’s fuzzy cognitive maps were used when constructing the model. Identification of the model was carried out by expert assignment of influence relations between pairs of concepts. Using a cognitive model, 10 scenarios for the directions of strategic development and rational functioning of the cluster were studied. The implementation of such a model in practice makes it possible to stabilize the functioning of the cluster and stimulate its development through a system of control influences using stabilization tools - concepts. The article describes modern methodological approaches to constructing cognitive maps in relation to agricultural production and processing industries.
Regulatory and legal regulation of the alcoholic beverages market has its own peculiarities due to the specifics of the products themselves. On the one hand it is a product, the production and sale of which has negative social consequences, on the other hand it is a product, the sale of which provides revenues to the budget. This polarity in relation to alcoholic beverages requires an appropriate approach to the development and continuous improvement of legal regulation of this sphere of economy. At the same time, it is necessary to use not only the directions related to increasing taxes on the sale of alcoholic beverages, but also to pay more attention to the development of legal documents that will improve the quality of alcoholic beverages, both domestically produced and imported from abroad. The analysis of legal acts regulating such a specific market will allow us to identify possible directions that require improvement and revision, as well as the existing trends in this area.