Increasing the competitiveness of Russian nut products largely depends on the effective functioning of all elements of the market infrastructure. Only the full-fledged organizational and economic functioning of all elements of the system of production, processing, storage, logistics and sale of nut products, as well as the interconnection of supporting institutions (government support, research, regulatory and legal regulation, financial and credit system) will reduce the volume of supplies from abroad and fulfill the tasks of import substitution. This study examines the main directions for improving the efficiency of the functioning of the infrastructure of the Russian nut market. The author's classification of the main factors determining the state and prospects of development of the fruit growing sub-sector is presented.
The article is devoted to the current stage of development of Russian land management and its role in ensuring sustainable development of agricultural land use. As part of the disclosure of the results of the conducted study, the shortcomings of the legislative framework limiting the content of the necessary land management works are pointed out. The expediency of returning the institute of land management design, which is capable of significantly more effectively solving a number of problems within the framework of a land management project, ensuring increased sustainability of agricultural land use, preventing unjustified allocation of agricultural land for other needs, the negative impact of greenhouse gases, ensuring a high-quality assessment of the agro-ecological potential of agricultural territories and the formation of forecasts for the use of land resources of the country as a whole is noted. In particular, it is noted that the introduction of the greenhouse gas cadastre gives land management a real chance to demonstrate the techniques and methods tested in land management practice, allowing not only to track the dynamics of formation and migration of greenhouse gases, but to develop full-fledged carbon land management projects, including the entire range of organizational and economic problems solved in intra-farm land management projects on a new (carbon) basis. Analyzing the stages of development of Russian land management, the author comes to the conclusion that over the past 250 years, Russian land management has gone through three stages of its development, which he suggests calling: legal, economic and socio-economic. The author characterizes the current stage of development of land management as ecological and economic. As studies have shown, each stage was accompanied by specific geoecological support (accompaniment) inherent only to this stage. This allowed the author to conclude that the key condition for the development of the current stage of Russian land management is its innovative geoecological support.
The current system of state management of the agro-industrial complex does not provide a proper solution to the problem of food security in the country. The main reasons for this are: the measures taken are limited to the framework of the agro-industrial complex; support for agricultural producers is not provided on the necessary scale and in all relevant areas; general measures aimed at developing and fully realizing the potential of the rural population are not covered, including the creation of a viable institution of local self-government, the formation of an effective antimonopoly policy. To counteract monopolists from the processing, trade and other spheres, it is advisable to create state-owned enterprises to serve farmers. Most of the management functions of the agro-industrial complex involve their state support, which should be taken into account when forming the public administration system of the agro-industrial complex. For the harmonious development of this sphere and the effective solution of the problem of food security, public administration should be carried out not by industry, but by product sub-complexes. This should be taken into account when developing relevant state programs and structures of the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia.
The article focuses on the problems of implementing structural and sectoral policy and spatial development of the agro-industrial complex in a new geopolitical environment. The factors of influence, key problems and priority aspects of the development of structural and sectoral policy in the Russian agro-industrial complex are considered. A multilevel vertical of regulatory and programmatic documents defining the structural and sectoral policy and spatial development of the agroindustrial complex is presented. The analysis of the sectoral structure and spatial distribution of agricultural production in the federal districts of Russia on average for 2022-2024 is carried out. A consolidated form of planning for the production of agricultural products, raw materials and foodstuffs has been developed on the basis of a structural-sectoral and territorial-product component.
Small business forms have the potential to grow agricultural production. Direct growth constraints are formed when they interact with contractors in the first and third sectors of the agro-industrial complex, as a result, most of them are unable to carry out extended reproduction. It is possible to increase the efficiency of small business through higher prices for products sold and lower costs for acquired material and technical resources using the opportunities of agricultural cooperation. The analysis showed that peasant farms have a certain level of loyalty to agricultural consumer cooperatives. To increase the level of involvement of small business entities in them, the activities of competence centers should be strengthened to demonstrate the direct benefits of joining a cooperative, and the role of local and regional authorities in supporting and supporting the activities of agricultural consumer cooperatives should be increased.
The article analyzes the main regulatory documents that define the criteria for classifying farms as small businesses in Russia. The criteria for small business in the agricultural sector of Russia are presented. Controversial approaches to defining small agricultural business are considered. The need to clarify the concepts of "small business (entrepreneurship)" and "small forms of management" in the agricultural sector is noted. Approaches to clarifying the structural composition of small agricultural business in modern Russia are proposed. An analysis of the development and the role and place of small agricultural business in the economy of Russia are presented. The decisive importance of developing small agricultural business for the development of rural areas of Russia is emphasized.
The purpose of this scientific research is to improve the strategic management of the agro-industrial complex in the new geopolitical conditions of functioning. The current stage should act as a driver in the development of industrial, economic and socio-political potentials, which play an important role in the interaction of interregional and intersectoral relations of agro-industrial business at the level of state, economic management and local self-government. This will facilitate the adoption of effective strategic decisions in the field of changing and structuring the management system aimed at developing priority areas of agro-industrial sectors through the introduction of strategic planning and forecasting, as well as through the use of elements of indicative planning. Strategic management should be provided with modern forms, mechanisms and methods of management, as well as the introduction of innovative and digital technologies that will effectively and systematically implement production, economic and social areas in the field of agricultural growth and rural development.
The purpose of the article is to determine the promising parameters of the fruit subcomplex of the Republic of Dagestan, ensuring high economic efficiency of industrial horticulture, the development of the canning industry and interregional cooperation. Optimization calculations of the size of the areas, the structure of perennial fruit plantations and their placement in the context of natural and climatic zones of the republic are given. The prospective economic parameters of the optimal volume of fruit production in agricultural organizations and the canning industry are calculated. The need to increase the area of intensive perennial plantations has been identified, which will allow agricultural organizations to increase fruit production, load the processing industry's capacities, and achieve an optimal level of economic efficiency. The solution of the transport problem made it possible to identify specific areas for the sale of fresh fruits from the republic with minimal total transportation costs. The results of the study can be used in the development of regional programs for the development of agro-industrial production.
The article actualizes the need to develop and implement ESG principles (Environmental, Social, Governance) while increasing the level of competitiveness of domestic agricultural organizations in the new geopolitical conditions and the structural transformation of the economy. The authors emphasize the strategic importance of taking into account the environmental, social and management components of the ESG agenda, as well as the need to assess their impact on the economic performance of agricultural organizations. The content analysis carried out as part of the study reveals the resulting significance of the transformation of production processes, the development of corporate governance and social responsibility, which are considered as key components of the effective functioning of Russian agricultural organizations. The example of the Steppe agricultural holding shows a positive experience in expanding the possibilities of digitalization and introducing innovative technologies as drivers for increasing business sustainability and implementing an import substitution strategy. The need for state support for agricultural organizations that actively use ESG factors to stimulate the development of green projects and ensure a policy of technological sovereignty is justified. The results of the study allow us to summarize that the introduction of ESG principles in practical activities contributes not only to increasing the level of efficiency of agricultural production, but also to the formation of long-term competitive advantages of domestic agricultural producers.
The article is devoted to topical issues of trends in the development of the fruit and vegetable market in the Rostov region. In this regard, an analysis of the volume of production of fresh vegetables and fruits in value and in kind was carried out, as well as indicators by shares of municipalities. Despite the dynamics of the reduction of acreage in the territory of the Russian Federation, the Rostov region shows a desire for growth, which led to an increase in production volumes. The fruit and vegetable market of the Rostov region is showing steady growth, outstripping the national average. Based on the analysis data, an assessment was made of the current state of the fruit and vegetable market in the Russian Federation and a forecast was made up to and including 2029.