The article proposes and empirically validates a multi-level digital ecosystem architecture as a response to the problem of fragmentation and inefficiency of linear models in the agro-industrial complex (AIC). The study employs the Design Science Research (DSR) methodology, multi-agent modeling, Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA), and a hybrid efficiency assessment method based on Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The architecture was tested through a case study integrating the cultivation of industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) and the bioconversion of its waste using black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens). A four-level architecture (organizational, algorithmic, informational, and technological) was developed to ensure systemic integration and optimization. The case validation demonstrated 100% utilization of organic waste, while the economic efficiency of the model was confirmed by a Net Present Value (NPV) of 352,000 RUB/ha and a profitability level of 30-40%. It is concluded that the proposed architecture is scalable and provides a synergy of economic and ecological effects, enabling a shift from local optimization to systemic management of a closed-loop production system.
The article presents the results of a study conducted to develop priority areas for improving the efficiency and competitiveness of the poultry industry based on modern technologies for the production and processing of eggs and poultry meat.It has been established that sustainable development of broiler poultry farming depends on many technical, technological, organizational and economic factors. The results of the studies have shown that the most optimal stocking density for floor broiler rearing at the poultry farm of OOO POZTS Svezhenka is 19-21 heads/m². This ensures the maximum live weight yield per 1 m² of floor – 48.6-50.3 kg and a high European efficiency index – 387-400 units. Broiler meat production has a multi-stage cost system at various stages of the technological process, which form its cost. The analysis showed that in the cost structure of broiler meat production, compound feed has the largest share, accounting for 69% of all costs. In this regard, various formulas for compound feeds were analyzed and tested at the poultry farm, taking into account the cost of individual ingredients and the standard need of broilers for nutrients in various stages of growing, ensuring high production and economic indicators. To improve the competitiveness of the industry, it is necessary to develop deep processing of eggs and poultry meat. Processing of broiler carcasses brings the enterprise an additional profit of 8.5 rubles per kilogram of manufactured products, significantly increasing the economic result of the poultry farm. An issue of national importance is control over the use of antibiotics in poultry farming. It is noted that antibiotic resistance is an economic and biosocial problem affecting the health of humans, poultry, and food security. Priority areas for innovative development of the poultry industry for the period up to 2030 have been developed.
In the Penza region, the production of oilseeds is one of the key areas of specialization of the crop industry, providing a consistently high level of income to agricultural producers. At the same time, the development of the oil and fat subcomplex in the region is characterized by significant imbalances, due to the capacity of oil extraction plants outstripping the production of raw materials by almost 4 times. The research methodology is based on structuring the fat and oil subcomplex of the region into five main sectors: the sales sector, the processing sector, the raw materials sector, the resource sector, and the scientific and technological sector. The assessment of the current state and growth potential of soybean production in the structure of the regional fat and oil subcomplex has been carried out. Based on the analysis of the current state of soybean production development in the Penza region, three main forecast scenarios for increasing its production have been developed. Each scenario provides for two development options, an extensive one involving only the growth of acreage and an intensive one focused on ensuring the growth of gross production by increasing yields and expanding acreage. Scenario forecasts have been developed taking into account the zonal features of the region. A set of organizational and economic measures aimed at eliminating the imbalance in the development of certain sectors of the fat and oil subcomplex of the Penza region in the segment of soybean production and processing is proposed. The obtained research results can have practical application in the development of regional programs for the development of agriculture and in business planning by agribusiness entities.
All countries of the world pay great attention to the export of food products, since the sale of food within the country and the possibility of selling its surplus to foreign countries determine the level of food independence of the country. The task of the Russian agro-industrial complex is to increase the volume of exports. The export of products from agro-industrial and fisheries complexes is of great importance for modern Russia. Global trade sets the task for these industries to increase the volume of processing of agricultural products. This challenge is caused by a complex set of factors, including the negative effects of the pandemic, restrictions on the export of raw materials and the need to adapt the business models of Russian companies to foreign markets, as well as sanctions pressure and political instability. In addition, exports make it possible to increase foreign exchange earnings, which undoubtedly contributes to the strengthening of the ruble and the improvement of the country's financial situation. The article examines the theoretical aspects of the formation and development of exports of agricultural and fisheries products in Russia and the theoretical aspects of the competitiveness of the Russian agro-industrial complex at the international level.
In today's conditions of unprecedented pressure from unfriendly countries, sanctions, and their consequences, it is necessary to clearly understand what volumes of aggregate supply of agricultural products in the region will be sufficient and how this will be achieved. Will this be solely due to domestic production, or will it be necessary to import agricultural products from outside the region? Currently, the aggregate supply of agricultural products in the Republic of Bashkortostan is formed primarily by domestic production and reserves. The limits of production volumes and reserves allowed us to maintain supply at the required level without large imports from outside the republic. In this regard, we believe the intensity of agricultural production in the region is an important factor influencing production and, consequently, the supply of agricultural products. The intensity of the production process in the Republic of Bashkortostan is growing, but the region still has significant reserves for growth in agricultural production. This growth can be achieved through the joint efforts of the state, potential investors, and agricultural producers.
This article examines the key risks to the development of human capital in Russia's agricultural sector through the lens of the global risks outlined in the World Economic Forum's «Global Risks Report 2025». It analyzes environmental, socio-economic, technological, and geopolitical factors affecting the formation and development of human resources in Russian agriculture. The interconnections between global risks and local challenges in Russia's agrarian sector are identified, and directions for minimizing negative impacts are proposed.
This article presents the results of a comprehensive correlation and regression analysis of the relationships between key human capital indicators in 21 municipalities of the Belgorod Region, based on official data for 2024. Parameters such as average wage, unemployment rate, life expectancy, internet access, and the proportion of youth are examined. Strong inverse and direct relationships between employment and income levels, infrastructure, and demographic characteristics are identified. It is shown that the key drivers for increasing regional human capital are declining unemployment, increasing access to digital infrastructure, and youth support. The presented calculations and discussions can serve as a scientific and practical tool for improving rural socioeconomic development policies.
The article discusses the problem of assessing human capital as a key factor in the development of the agricultural sector of the economy of the Republic of Mari El. The research is updated by the tasks set out in the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation "On the National Development Goals of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030", in terms of population conservation and human potential development, as well as within the framework of the national project "Personnel". The existing assessment methods are analyzed, and the results of research by leading scientists on this issue are presented. A comprehensive description of agricultural organizations of the republic is given, including an analysis of key personnel indicators. In the agro-industrial complex of the region, there is a steady downward trend in the number of employees and significant age disparities in the workforce. There is an aging of personnel in agricultural organizations. There is a significant gender imbalance in working age. On the example of the Zvenigovsky meat processing plant, characteristic features can be traced: the predominance of employees aged 46-55; a significant predominance of women; The educational level is mainly secondary vocational. The results of a survey of the leading organization for the agricultural sector of the Republic of Mari El are presented. It is concluded that it is necessary to develop a comprehensive human capital assessment system adapted to the specifics of agricultural production in the region.
The article is devoted to the study of the dynamics and causes of migration of the rural population in the Republic of Mordovia. The subject of the research is migration processes in the rural areas of the region, while the focus is on the analysis of factors determining the migratory behavior of residents. The purpose of the work is a comprehensive analysis of the dynamics of migration processes and the identification of the key causes of rural migration based on a sociological survey in the context of modern theoretical approaches. The research employs a comprehensive methodology combining the analysis of official statistics and a sociological survey. A steady trend of depopulation in rural areas has been identified, where migration outflow is a key component. It was found that 68% of respondents aged 16-35 are actively considering relocating. The multifactorial nature of migration sentiments is confirmed: alongside economic determinants (low wages, lack of career prospects), the quality of social infrastructure has a decisive influence. The main «retaining» factors identified are attachment to place and family/family circumstances. The results are applicable to the development and adjustment of regional and municipal rural development programs, as well as demographic and migration policies. The research findings testify to the necessity of a differentiated approach to regulating migration processes and the importance of investment in social infrastructure as a tool for retaining population in rural areas.