The article discusses the mechanisms for turning an operational response to changes in the external business environment for the agro-industrial complex into an asset for agricultural organizations. In the agro-industrial complex, the traditional management model is still predominant, and the rate of transformation in digital, technological, and innovative areas is low. Organizations in the agricultural sector are slow to respond to critical changes in the external environment. The agricultural industry must move from an inert adherence to government policy in the field of agriculture to proactive change management. The study is based on the provisions of the VUCA and BANI concepts of describing the business environment, which take into account the uncertainty and speed of change of external conditions in the modern economy. The research methods include analysis and synthesis, as well as a systematic approach to categorize the mechanisms of flexible management in agricultural organizations in accordance with the basic characteristics of the concepts under consideration. As a result of the research, specific flexible management mechanisms are proposed for agricultural organizations that respond to environmental challenges. The immaturity of transformation processes, the lack of methodically verified change management mechanisms and tools at a more general level and in relation to the specifics of agribusiness organizations become a barrier to turning flexibility into an asset. The reproducibility of proactive management experience requires the formation of practices and tools for dealing with changes at different stages of the organization's development. In conditions of high price volatility, climate risks, sanctions, digitalization and global challenges, flexibility is becoming a key factor in the competitiveness and sustainable development of agricultural organizations. The proposed flexible management mechanisms can be used by agribusiness organizations to implement an adaptive management strategy based on consideration of key characteristics of the business environment.
In the context of the structural restructuring of global economic relations, the strategic diversification of Russian exports requires winning a stable position in dynamic markets, where ESG (environmental, social, and corporate governance) factors are evolving from voluntary norms into imperative requirements and turning from recommendatory principles into mandatory conditions for market access. The Persian Gulf countries, implementing large-scale modernization within the framework of national strategies (Saudi Vision 2030, UAE Net Zero 2050), are a clear example of the formation of a new quality of demand driven by the principles of sustainable development. This study offers a comprehensive scientific and practical approach aimed at overcoming the key contradiction between the traditional parameters of the competitiveness of Russian exports and the imperative of compliance with the rapidly tightening ESG standards of the region. The paper solves three interrelated problems: 1) conducting a comparative analysis of the ESG requirements of the Persian Gulf countries with the construction of a hierarchical model of regulatory impact; 2) development of a multi-level diagnostic tool for assessing ESG compliance with a focus on operational maturity, the carbon footprint of value chains, and market specifics; 3) formulation of recommendations for creating a system for verifying and mutually recognizing ESG data to minimize transaction costs. The result is an integrated adaptation roadmap that transforms ESG compliance from a cost item into a source of long-term competitive advantage for Russian exports in the Persian Gulf markets.
The article presents the results of modeling multistep resource management of the most important sub–sector of the fisheries complex - industrial fishing. Fishing resources (material, human, financial, informational, and time-sensitive) and their supporting systems each possess unique structures and behavioral patterns that can change significantly over time. Therefore, it is necessary to develop advanced optimization models that take real-time requirements into account. Resource management is proposed to be based on the principle of sliding optimization. A method for generating a sliding optimal schedule is presented, allowing for the forecasting of possible changes in the fishery situation several steps ahead. The catch and restoration of aquatic biological resources in various fishing areas is proposed to be represented as a set of Markov processes, and a state graph of these processes is provided. A mathematical justification for the solution to the problem of optimizing resource schedules based on requests and an algorithm for its solution are presented. As a result, a generalized model for optimal multi-step management of the resource potential of industrial fisheries is developed and the structure of the resource management system is presented. According to the proposed model and the developed scheme for assigning resources to requests, it is assumed that, based on the analysis of the results of observations of the fishing fleet's actions, sliding optimal schedules should be developed and implemented, which will significantly improve the quality of fisheries management.
The study conducted a comprehensive analysis of the living standards of the rural population of the Belgorod Region to identify key problems and develop recommendations for improving quality of life. The study utilized comparative, statistical, and structural analysis methods of Rosstat data for the period 2010–2024. The region's districts were grouped by demographic indicators and level of material security. A sociological survey among experts (heads of administrations) and local residents was used to obtain qualitative assessments. It was found that wages remain the main source of income for the rural population (52.3%), indicating the weak development of small businesses in rural areas. Most districts are well provided with basic infrastructure (water supply, sewerage, roads). Surveys confirm a high level of satisfaction with living conditions among rural residents (83.3% satisfied). According to residents, the key areas for improvement are increasing wages (67.8%), creating new jobs (55.2%), resolving the housing issue (37.1%), and improving healthcare (36.4%). Despite relatively high levels of material security and life satisfaction, rural areas of the Belgorod Region face a complex set of challenges, including demographic challenges, regional economic underperformance, and social inequality. A rural development strategy should focus on stimulating incomes, diversifying the economy, and implementing targeted support programs for disadvantaged areas, taking into account the identified priorities of residents themselves.
This article examines the conceptual framework for sustainable rural development, which requires a comprehensive approach that takes into account regional specifics and the characteristics of local authorities. Unlike urban environment, a balance between modernization and the preservation of traditions, as well as consideration of climate risks and low population density, are crucial. The integration of ESG principles into the agricultural sector and social sphere will ensure economic security, social well-being, environmental safety, and cultural development. A humanitarian focus which aims at improving living standards will result in significant economic transformations, structural and technological changes, reforms in traditional sectors, changes in government and market regulation, and consumer behavior of rural people.
Smolensk region is one of the regions with significant potential for agricultural production. To achieve this potential, it is necessary to develop the labor potential of agricultural organizations in the region. The study found that in 2000-2023, the volume of agricultural production increased by 6.2 times. In 2023, the average share of labor costs in crop production in the region was 12.0%, the minimum labor intensity was noted in the production of potatoes 2.5 man-hours/t, the maximum in the production of open-ground vegetables 13.5 man-hours/ton. In the livestock industry, the share of labor costs was 10.8%, while the minimum labor intensity is ensured in the production of eggs (0.2 man-hours/million pieces) and the maximum in the production of fish products (299.2 man-hours/ton). The calculated actual total labor costs of 178 agricultural organizations of the Smolensk region amounted to 8420.1 thousand man-hours, which is 422.8 thousand man-hours less than the consolidated data of the relevant regional ministry (deviation of 4.7 percent). Comparison of the actual annual working time fund with the standard showed that, on average, the annual workload per employee in the region is 188.6 hours per year less than the standard. Analysis of the personnel structure of agricultural organizations of the region shows that 91.6% of employees are directly employed in agricultural production, with 73.6% of workers holding blue-collar positions. Workers at the sites under study primarily hold permanent positions (95.9 percent). The structure of workers is considered by profession. The analysis made it possible to identify reserves for increasing the efficiency of labor resource use in the Smolensk region.
The article reveals the essence of the category "balanced rural development as spatial systems", provides a description and logic of the formation of its subject field. A subject field is considered as an ordered set of concepts, terms, and constructs used to describe a specific field of knowledge and the relationships between them. The formation of the concept of "balanced rural development as spatial systems" involves the use of four basic categories: "system", "space", "development" and "balance". On the basis of combining the terms "system" and "space", the construct "spatial systems" is formed, suggesting the separation of natural and anthropogenic spatial systems. Considering the content of the category "development" as changes associated with the transition of a system from one qualitative state to another, in combination with such a category as "spatial system" allows us to use the construct "development of a spatial system", meaning a qualitative change in the spatial system over time. Balance is defined as the correspondence of one part to another, the equilibrium (balance) of these parts, the balance of a spatial system as its state characterized by an equilibrium ratio of elements, and balanced spatial development as a change in a spatial system while maintaining optimal ratios between its elements. Combining the constructs "rural territory as a spatial system" and "balanced spatial development" allows us to operate with such a construct as "balanced development of rural territories as spatial systems", meaning a type of spatial development of rural territories characterized by maintaining optimal proportions of its elements that ensure effective solution of social, economic and environmental problems related to the livelihoods of rural communities.
This study examines the institutional barriers hindering the development of rural tourism in the Krasnodar Krai, focusing on high transaction costs and inefficient contractual practices. Despite significant sector growth (a 167% increase in facilities between 2019-2023), its full potential remains unrealized due to prolonged approval timelines (up to 12 months), administrative barriers (affecting 78% of businesses), and prevalent informal agreements. The empirical basis includes Rosstat data, stratified sampling of 120 agritourism facilities, surveys of business owners, analysis of court cases, and grant agreements. The findings reveal a statistically significant (p
This article presents a comprehensive study of staffing issues in agriculture. It systematizes the factors influencing staffing in agriculture. It identifies factors related to the specifics of the industry, socioeconomic conditions in rural areas, the state of the vocational education system, and the effectiveness of HR policies at enterprises. Practical recommendations for improving HR policies in agriculture are offered, aimed at increasing the attractiveness of work in agriculture and implementing modern HR management technologies. A comprehensive approach to analyzing staffing issues in agriculture is proposed, assessing existing professions and providing prospects for the development of future ones, describing the necessary skills and knowledge. This article represents a valuable contribution to the development of human resource management theory and practice in agriculture. The research results can contribute to increasing the efficiency of the agricultural sector and ensuring food security for the country. Future research based on this article's data could focus on a more detailed examination of the impact of digitalization and automation on staffing in agriculture, as well as the development of models for forecasting labor demand. The practical significance of this study lies in its applicability to farms and agronomic enterprises seeking to improve their workforce potential, as well as to educational institutions seeking to standardize training for new specialties and refine existing ones adapted to agriculture. The article's uniqueness lies in its systematization of the staffing challenges facing agricultural enterprises, which was used to propose professions of the future, complete with a range of functions and platforms for collaboration within the industry.
The article is devoted to the study of agricultural specialization of the territories of the Russian Federation. The existing methodological approaches to determining the market specialization of the territories of Russia are described. The typology and quantitative composition of the regions specializing in the production of agricultural, forestry, hunting, fishing, and fish farming products are presented. The article argues for the expediency of building an optimal agro-industrial structure and, as a result, settlement within the territories, which is a priority task that will protect not only economic interests but also improve the country's geopolitical position. The article emphasizes the importance of justifying the agricultural specialization of territories in order to improve the spatial structure and ensure food security. The article proposes criteria for "remote" federal districts in terms of justifying agricultural specialization.