The article analyzes the pressing problem of adaptation of agricultural placement in the regions of Russia. It proposes a methodology for the development of adaptive scenarios of agricultural production placement with regard to natural-territorial factor.
The article assesses the effectiveness of the target indicators for the characteristics of sustainable development of agriculture from the perspective of inter-sectoral relations. Agriculture is developing at an unstable pace, despite the the positive changes in industry’s economy. The consolidation of the leading positions is hampered by the low level of investment attracted to the industry’s development. No less important factors affecting the growth rate of agricultural production are the conditions for the development of industries included in the AIC sphere - supplying material and technical resources and processing agricultural raw materials.
The article is devoted to the problems of improving the methodology of the All-Russian Agricultural Census in setting goals and defining census objects based on the analyses of the FAO World Agricultural Census 2020 program, the All-Russian Agricultural Census 2016 and USA Census of Agriculture.
The relevance of the research topic is caused by the underdevelopment of the market of scientific and technical products, which does not allow to fully benefit from scientific achievements, as a result of which the majority of promising scientific developments are not in demand. The union of states within the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU, the Union) on condition of competent alignment of economic relations based on cooperation, concentration of resources and application of long-term planning gives significant advantages in the formation of a single market for scientific and technical products, facilitating the commercialization and use of the results of intellectual activity. The Eurasian agricultural technology platform (EATP) was arranged to carry out systematic work to accumulate advanced national and world achievements in scientific and technical development in the field of agroindustrial complex (AIC), mobilizing the scientific potential of member states for joint solution of applied problems in agriculture of EAEU member states, the development of innovative products and their introduction into the agroindustrial complex. Therefore, the purpose of this work was to study the Eurasian agricultural technology platform as one of the development mechanisms of the common market of scientific and technical products of the EAEU countries. The main results of the study are the author's compilation of the views of leading domestic and foreign scientists on the scientific and technical products market development, as well as determining the role of technological platforms in implementing the development priorities of various sectors of the economy. According to the results of the conducted research: the author's definition of technological platforms and the market of scientific and technical products is presented; A number of tasks, which solution involves the creation of a single market for scientific and technical products; priority directions of cooperation of the EAEU member states are presented in order to create a single market for scientific and technical products; the Eurasian agricultural technology platform is considered as a mechanism for developing the market of scientific and technical products in the EAEU member countries.
The article considers the current state of the grain market in Russian Federation and the dynamics of its export to some countries of the former Soviet Union: Armenia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan. It is re-vealedthat at present Russia is the main supplier of grain only for Armenia, while for other countries the main supplier is Kazakhstan. Thus, Russia’s potential in the grain export in the presented post-Soviet countries has not been fully realized. The negative consequences of a significant harvest for Russia’s grain industry and perspective directions of e x-port expansion of this type ofproduction are noted.
The article deals with the theoretical and methodological basis of the rental relations development in agriculture. The basis of the land rent theory, developed by A. Smith. D. Ricardo and K. Marx is examined. The approaches of classical political economy to the sources of absolute and differential rent are specified. It is revealed that the research on the definition of rent in our country was conducted, mainly, in two directions, which can not be considered as alternative and mutually exclusive, as the solve different tasks. An attempt has been made to identify the main groups of methods in determining differential rent. The main formation directions of absolute, differentioal and monopoly rents are indicated. The issue of the nature and concept of monopoly, social and quasi-rent has been raised. In the course of the study it was established that the concept of rent has evolved from the developmental, product, money, to modern understanding, in which the land rent is regularly received income for land that does not require entrepreneurial activity from the recipient, and rental relations affect economic interests of many social groups.
In work shifts of the structure of sown areas in regions of the Non-chernozem zone are considered. Classification of regions by the structure of sown areas is executed. The interrelation between the cultivated area and density of country people is revealed. The main directions of use of acreage in the allocated groups of regions are defined.
The article presents an analysis of structure and production volume of pork by categories offarms, which showed that it is concentrated in agricultural organizations and has a tendency of growth as they create the most favorable conditions for the use of the emerging progressive technologies and increases the likelihood of transition to industrial pig breeding. The study also showed that the priority directions of the pork market development are related to the growth of the industry’s investment attractiveness, the increase of real income of the population, the improvement of organizational and economic relations between market participants and the development of interregional links.
The article deals with the issues of reforming the state agrarian policy during the reforms of the 90s of the 20 century. The analysis of the program “500 days” is given. The positive and negative trends in the agricultural sector during the reform period are considered. The review of the discussion on the forms of organization of agriculture was carried out. Government activities are studied and its effectiveness is estimated.
The article describes the main regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, concerning prices and price relations in agroindustrial complex in modern market conditions, it gives the spheres of state price regulation, justifies the directions for improving price relations in AIC.