The Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) is one of the largest projects of regional economic integration in the modern global world. The study of the economic interaction on the post-Soviet countries in the format of the project of Eurasian integration in terms of new economic, legal, organizational, and administrative realities is an urgent scientific task. At the same time, this task is very difficult with regard to methodological aspects, since its solution involves an interdisciplinary component from different branches of knowledge. Today, the effective integrational cooperation of EAEU in the sphere of the AIC is one of the main tasks of the coordinated agroindustrial policy, the concept of which is determined by the resolution of the Supreme Eurasian Economic council at the head of State level of May 29, 2013, №35. The article attempts to consider the impact of customs policy in terms of food sanctions in the effectiveness of the implementation of this concept.
The article summarizes the foreign experience of using mathematical modeling for the development of strategies for adaptation of agriculture to climate change.
The article deals with the impact of agricultural policy on agricultural development in the Republic of Belarus. Special attention is paid to the implementation of agricultural policy through state programs and financing of priority areas of agricultural development, identified in the programs. The importance of budget support for agriculture in increasing agricultural production, improving its competitiveness, stabilizing the financial condition of agricultural organizations and increasing country’s export potential. At the same time, it is noted that the orientation of Belarus towards WTO accession, the commitments made in the EAEU, cause the need to reduce direct budgetary support to agricultural producers and reorientation of state support measures that do not have a direct impact on increasing production and restricting trade - “green box measures”.
The article considers the issues related to decision-making with regard to the agricultural lands that were privatized in the early 1990s and are now in common ownership. The contradictions and development options in this field are revealed. The powers of the general meeting of co-owners as the main body making decisions in respect of most of these lands are considered. Also, measures to eliminate the disproportions that have arisen in recent years in this area (quorum increase, restrictions on the revisions previously adopted decisions etc.) are proposed.
The paper analyzes several aspects of development of Russian land market, particularly on the issue offairness of low prices for Russian land resources. The authors suggest a new methodology of estimating the value of agricultural land, taking into account the cost of ecosystem services, which should include the costs of direct and indirect land use. Ключевые слова: земельный рынок, стоимость земель, земельные торги, почвенно-экологический индекс, показатель потери экологического качества почв, экосистемные услуги
The study is devoted to lending for the acquisition of agricultural machinery and equipment for livestock, which is necessary for technical and technological modernization of this branch of agriculture of Russia. The conditions of lending for agricultural machinery and equipment for livestock, which is carried out by Russian credit organizations, as well as the state support of this measure, aimed to the technical and technological modernization of this branch of agriculture are considered. The results of the work of the main Russian credit organizations of systemic importance are presented. The paper presents the data contained in the official documents: the National Report “On the progress and results of the implementation in 2017 of the State Program of the development of agriculture and regulation of markets of agricultural products, raw materials and food for 2013-2020”, the Federal law №362 “On the Federal budget for 2018 and for the period of 2019 and 2020”, the decrees and orders of the Government of the Russian Federation; data of the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia, the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, JC Rosselkhozbank, PJSC Sberbank, the Association of Rosspecmash, as well as the materials of the all-Russian conference of agricultural engineering services, held on February 2, 2017, and XXIX congress of the Association of Rural and Farm Enterprises and Agricultural Cooperatives of Russia.
The article presents the author's definition of the concept of "investment development", the analysis of the current state of beef cattle breeding, notes the necessity of its investment development to increase the production of cattle meat in Russia. It is shown that one of the key advantages of the leading producers of beef in the world, in particular the USA, Brazil, Argentina, Australia, is the long pasture period of livestock keeping, which contributes to reducing meat production cost. It was revealed that producers of beef in Russia initially appear in unequal climatic and economic conditions in comparison with economic entities of other countries. It is noted that due to biological characteristics, beef cattle breeding is characterized by a longer production cycle and also low investment attractiveness for investors. These and other circumstances show that the sustainable development of beef cattle breeding in our country requires a revision of the system of measures and instruments of government support and investment attraction on a long-term basis. The necessity to take into account the advanced foreign experience and especially the experience of Canada, that has relatively similar natural conditions for keeping livestock, as well as the experience of advanced Russian farms that effectively implement investment projects in beef cattle breeding is justified. In conclusion, the main directions of government support aimed at improving the competitiveness and efficiency of beef cattle breeding are presented.
The article deals with regional features offunctioning of the pig farming in agrarian sector of economy of the Volga Federal District and Penza area. The considered structure of produced meat distribution by categories of farms, allowed to note the leading position of large agricultural organizations. The date of the Expert-analytical center “Agribusiness•” and official statistics are used as a source of information. The main conclusions of the structural analysis are presented in this article.
In article methodological justification of rapprochement of the principles of cooperation and integration in development of public labor division in a number of the directions is offered: transactional expenses reduction, complementarity of resources, obtaining effect of an emergence, elimination of inefficiency, diversification of production, attraction of investments that is expressed in transformation of a number of the classical principles of cooperation towards the integration principles, for example, in transformation of the principle of business participation into the principle of economic participation that promotes education in the agrarian sphere of economy of cooperative-integrated managing structures, including cluster type.
Cooperation, which is a complex and multifaceted category that combines personal, collective and public interests, ensuring the most rational and profitable way out of the crisis situation for all of its participants, plays a key role in the stabilization and development of Russian agricultural development. The main force of cooperation is in the conscious collaboration and joint actions of all the members of the collectives. The purpose of this article is to study the development of cooperation and to determine the factors that limit its development in agricultural production. The methods of retrospective, economic analysis and other general scientific methods are used in the article. Currently, the main way to stabilize agricultural production lies through the revival of agricultural cooperation. However, all types of farms lack a real socio-economic environment for the development of cooperation. In this regard, the issues of its state support are actualized. In order to develop cooperation as a mechanism to improve the efficiency of agricultural production, it is necessary to: increase the role of cooperative development; create a system of training for cooperatives; improve a general economic situation; promote the psychological preparation of rural residents for cooperation; ensure active development of market infrastructure for small farmers; ensure comprehensive formation of a cooper a-tive network; improve the cooperative process management.