Current state of organic agriculture and consumption of the organic products in the EAEU have been investigated. Situation in organic agriculture and organic market including organic export in Kyrgyzstan and Belarus is reviewed in details. Situation in wild collection is addressed too. The developments in the formation of organic regulatory and legal national frameworks, certification activities, organic cooperation and organic action plans in Kyrgyzstan and Belarus are considered.
The paper attempts to compare the conditions and historical experience of a number of national economies in the transition from import substitution to export-oriented growth policy. The possibilities of application offoreign experience for the implementation of the program of development of the domestic export-oriented agricultural sector are considered.
The achieved level of fruit production in Russia does not allow to fully meet the needs of the population in this product. Therefore, a significant share of the fruit market is imported products. The implementation of the national project "development of agriculture" and the State program of development of agriculture and regulation of the market of agricultural products, raw materials and food allowed to increase the production offruit and berry products, but not to solve the problem of import substitution in the domestic agro-food market and the formation of the export potential of the fruit canning. The perspective parameters of development of gardening allowing to solve these problems are calculated. The priority directions of horticulture development in the conditions of import substitution and formation of export-oriented economy are substantiated: concentration of horticulture in specialized enterprises and farms; transfer of the industry to an innovative way of development; organization ofproduction of certified planting material offruit and berry crops; rational use of grown products, reduction of losses at the stages of its production, storage, processing, transportation and sale on the basis of the development of agro-industrial integration; increasing the marketability of production in households through the creation of consumer cooperatives, improvement and increase of state support for the industries offruit-canning subcomplex.
In the article the peculiarities of the growth of livestock production in the domestic agro-industrial complex from the point of view of the effect of price factors are considered. A comparative analysis of the dynamic series of price indices in related and interconnected branches of agricultural production, as well as factor analysis, with the purpose of determining the structure of the price effect. The decomposition of the time series ofproducer price indices in livestock production was made, based on this, a short-term analysis of the dynamics of this index for the next three years was made. With the help of dynamic regression, a short-term forecast for the production of the main livestock products in Russia and Orel region was made, taking into account changes in price dynamics in related industries, which provided the basis for giving recommendations for adjusting agricultural policies.
The modern infrastructure of the market of fish and fish products, linking product manufacturers with its consumers, is an absolute imperative for the growth of the economy of the fisheries complex in Russia, increasing the competitiveness of domestic products. Issues of reforming the infrastructure of the fish and fishery products market continue to be debatable. The article substantiates the author's point of view of the concept of the infrastructure of product distribution of the fish and fish products market. Based on a study of the development of the infrastructure of the market of agricultural and fish products, raw materials and food in Russia and abroad, the specifics and features of the development of the infrastructure for the distribution offish and fish products are identified. The tasks for reforming the infrastructure of the market for fish and fish products are indicated. The research results expand knowledge of the methodological potential offorming a full-fledged infrastructure of the fish and fish products market with the participation of regional small and medium-sized businesses, which will reduce the level of monopolization of the logistics services market.
During the conducted research, an assessment of the current state, tendencies and the prospects of development ofproduction, modernization of branches of livestock production is given. Concentration of means of the state support mainly of development of early branches of livestock production (poultry farming, pig-breeding) to the detriment of development of the "problem" branches, such as dairy farming, which aren't providing necessary level of consumption of production with the population is revealed. The structural disproportions which have developed in production and consumption of products of livestock production are analysed and offers on interindustry redistribution of the budgetary support according to the rational structure of food recommended by the Russian Ministry of Health are given.
Dynamic growth of agricultural production and involvement of unused agricultural land into it in the Southern and the Central-Chernozem region of the Russian Federation is in a sharp contrast with the Northern and the Non-chernozem regions in which occurs long-lasting degradation of rural territories. Prolongation of absence of state’s attention to problems of these depressive territories leads to an overgrowth of agricultural land, a deterior a-tion of soil fertility, an intensification of the negative demographic situation, depopulation of rural areas and to a deterioration of the social and engineering infrastructure. Low domestic demand does not allow agricultural organizations to develop without government intervention. Comparing with the eighties agricultural production volume was halved. There is a significant deficiency in livestock and dairy farming in Russia to date, while land potential in the Southern part of country is almost depleted. Agroclimatic conditions of the Non-chernozem region are suitable for livestock breeding and organic farming. Therefore, in order to prevent further deterioration of rural areas and to ensure food security of the country, it is necessary to adjust the existing state policy concerning the North and the Nonchernozem regions. The key measures should include: an increase of state support for agricultural production; an increase of domestic demand by supporting the poor; the development of investment programs on the basis ofprefer-ential provision of land; the establishment of agriculture cooperation; measures to ensure equitable access to markets for agricultural participants; strengthening of control over the quality of agricultural products; the transition to civilized land relations (improvement of the cadastre, land management, land market and land accessibility for locals and investors).
The article provides an overview of the status and use of reclaimed lands, their effectiveness, the impact on the growth of crop yields. The results of scientific research on the development of innovative technologies for construction, reconstruction and technical re-equipment of reclaimed systems and hydraulic structures are given
The results of the study of the potential of agricultural machinery of the Russian Federation, producing equipment for livestock farming. The article presents an analysis of the market of agricultural machinery for livestock farming. The economic essence of material and technical support of animal husbandry is proved. The article presents an economic analysis of the development potential of agricultural machinery in Russia, taking into account the policy of import substitution in the market of equipment for livestock. The main directions of the industry development are substantiated, the dynamics of development is evaluated. Segmentation of the market of agricultural machinery for animal husbandry, in terms of development of its Russian producers. Based on its purpose, the main tasks solved by substantiating the strategic directions of development of agricultural machinery. The competitive advantages of Russian and imported equipment in the conquest of the market. For example, the main competitive advantages of domestic equipment are: relatively low price, availability of service, the possibility of self - repair, protectionist policy of the state; competitive advantages of equipment produced in foreign countries-reliability, performance. The problems of modernization of agriculture associated with economic sanctions and anti-sanctions measures concerning agricultural products and the provision of agribusiness means of production, both directly and indirectly through changes in exchange rates. Therefore, the production of agricultural machinery, both Russian and foreign models with high localization can, in part, be considered a solution to the problem offormation of agricultural machinery. The basic directions of development of the market of agricultural machinery, as a key element of organizational and economic mechanism of technical modernization of animal husbandry, in terms of development of its Russian producers. Based on its purpose, the main tasks solved by substantiating the strategic directions of development of agricultural machinery.
The article considers the features and prospects of the agricultural sector of the economy at the regional level, the economic aspects of its innovative development are identified, the assessment of legal and regulatory support of the agricultural sector of the Moscow region is given.