The article shows the importance of innovation factor in the modern development of agrarian sector in foreign countries and strengthening the role of the state in the formation of a balanced innovation system in this sector.The OECD estimates on the state support of agricultural knowledge and innovation system in foreign countries, thequestions of participation of the state and private agribusiness in financing of agricultural R@D on the example ofleading country in the developed world- the USA are presented.
This article analyzes the status and nature of economic relations in the sphere of production and processingof agricultural products. Based on the analysis of the studied objects-actors of the agricultural sector, built on theresults of a questionnaire survey, the characteristics of the institutional environment of their functioning, the results ofthe distribution of specialization and concentration of agricultural production are shown. Focuses on direct and indirect measures of State support. Attention is focused on direct and indirect measures of state support. The influence ofthe tax factor on the mechanism of mutual settlements between agricultural and processing organizations is analyzed.This makes it possible to determine the «problem» areas in the system of intersectoral interaction and eliminate thecontradictions.
The article analyzes the dynamics of the cost structure, the formation and analysis of the cost of agriculturalproducts, the main trends of its changes, the impact of costs on pricing on the products of agricultural organizations.The author proposed directions for optimizing the basic elements of costs and cost of sales in agriculture.
In the conditions of financial and economic instability, the most difficult issue is not the level of profitability,but the sustainable development of economic entities, which is provided by a rational ratio between income and expenses for their receipt. Sustainable development of agricultural organizations during the implementation of stateprograms (2008-2012) is directly related to the investment attractiveness and business activity in the production sec-tor. A necessary condition for obtaining maximum profit is a certain rational degree of development of production,ensuring the excess of revenue from the sale of agricultural products over the cost of its production and sale. For eachorganization, the analysis of production costs and the search for reserves to increase profitability are under continu-ous attention. Cost and income management is a means of achieving a high economic result for the organization. It isnot limited to reducing costs, but extends to all elements of their sustainable development management.
The present paper contains an evaluation of efficiency of the PAO «Group «Cherkizovo». The importance ofthis problem can be explained by the fact that the analysis of efficiency of food companies is extremely important inthe situation offood embargo. In addition, PAO «Cherkizovo» is one of the leading companies of the Russian agricul-ture and food industry and plays an important part on the food market. Evaluation of effectiveness is based on calcu-lation offinancial indices of the company. Some indices were compared with the indices of another leader of Russianagri-food industry - PAO «GK «Rusagro». The analysis demonstrated that the financial situation of the company isstable.
In article authors investigate problems of labor income of employees of the agricultural organizations,first of all the specific weight of the salary in income. Trends of growth nominal charged and the real wage are de-scribed (i.e. taking into account the price indexes for consumer goods and services). Compensation level on federaldistricts and separate branches of economy is analyzed. The structure of income of employees of the agricultural or-ganizations of dopensionny age and the working pensioners is calculated. It is proved that in all options the specificweight of the salary prevails.
The article is devoted to the problem of creation of regional systems of agricultural cooperation. Based onanalysis of development of cooperation of the Lipetsk region institutional directions of development of regional cooperative systems are offered.
The article proposes a description of the author's methodology of the typology of subjects of the RussianFederation in terms of the social development of their rural territories. To achieve the goal of the research, a methodof multidimensional analysis of a set of indicators was used, which characterize the situation in rural areas in the re-gion, which are conditionally combined into four blocks. In the course of the analysis, a typology was conducted andeight clusters were identified, and the features of each of them were described. The applied approach shows the possibility of using the developed typology in the formation of mechanisms for the state regulation of rural development.
The article analyzes the specifics of pricing for petroleum products and electricity, causing a continuousincrease in prices, which is not consistent with the goal of accelerating the economic development of the state. Thepossible price consequences of the «tax maneuver» in the oil industry are disclosed. The nonsystemic nature of government actions to regulate the prices of oil and its products is noted. The positive aspects of the possible transfer ofthe main tax burden in the oil industry to export duties are considered. Analyzes the results of the reform of the powerindustry; the conclusion is made that the further growth of tariffs is inevitable if the state does not regain the authorityof the sole purchaser.
The article analyzes the regional information systems of agriculture, designed to support the adoption ofeffective management decisions. The considered information systems allow to increase the efficiency of agriculturalproduction, to carry out inventory and certification of objects of agricultural production, to control the use of landresources, observance of crop rotations and preservation of soil fertility, increase tax revenues to the budget.