In article formation of an innovative system of agrarian and industrial complex through a prism of their standard legal support, in particular, in the agrarian sector of national economy, including branch aspect is considered. For what: the provisions which are contained in separate documents, concerning questions of development of the industries of agrarian and industrial complex are specified: The state program of development of agriculture and regulation of the markets of agricultural products, raw materials and food for 2013 - 2020 (further – Gosprogramma), "The main activities of the Government of the Russian Federation until 2018", "The concept of long-term social and economic development of the Russian Federation until 2020", the Federal law "About Development of Agriculture", the draft federal law "About Scientific, Scientific and Technical and Innovative Activity in the Russian Federation", the Federal scientific and technical program of development of agriculture for 2017-2025.
The economic significance of land is mainly considered from the point of view of the formation of a land market. The criteria for the economic value of agricultural land is divided into two groups: the first group characterized by the productivity of certain types of crops per unit area of land; The second group belongs to the category of profitability, which characterizes the amount of profitability of agricultural land of different quality. The formation of a modern mechanism for determining the economic value of indicators in agricultural land use will allow economic entities – land users in the food market. The regional governments of the agro-industrial complex must develop and adopt additional regulatory and legal acts in the field of land relations to solve problems of the preservation of soil fertility and increase the volume of agricultural production [5]. The main objective of modern land policy is the completion of the formation of an agricultural land use system that will ensure the rational use of land. To achieve this goal, it is important to define, and in some cases clarify, conceptual definitions adopted in agricultural land use.
Land management is a complex and multi-faceted process, which is reflected in the quality of life of the population, the level of security of products, as well as food security in general. Given the degree of importance of agricultural land as a separate component of the country's land fund. The article analyzes the fundamental elements of land management issues in this category, and also develops elements for improving the declared management process, based on the consideration of identified areas in a holistic agricultural land management system.
The article presents a retrospective analysis of the state and functioning of the potato industry, evaluates the production structure by farm categories and identifies the main potato producers for the future, substantiates proposals for the development of potato farming, assesses and focuses on the development of seed farming taking into account food safety of the industry, presents the development forecast potato growing until 2025
Grain production by main crops in dynamics is considered. The analysis of efficiency of grain production is carried out in two directions. First of all, the economic assessment of the activation of internal reserves by improving the quality of grain, accelerating the variety of varieties, the use of various agrotechnical measures, including the use of mineral and organic fertilizers, equipping farms with modern technical means, the introduction of resource-saving technologies and integrated biologization of plant protection. Another important area of efficiency is the state regulation of production and support of producers. In modern conditions, in many positions, Russia is moving from import substitution to increasing exports, especially grain. An important aspect of increasing exports is now diversification of exports of grain products with high added value on the basis of its deep processing.
The growth trends of grain production and grain export are considered. The negative effects of the use of intensive technologies are shown. The risks associated with export growth are analyzed. It is concluded that in the future the domestic grain market may run into the problem of oversupply.
This article explored the main issues that may arise in today’s environment when considering human capital. The main approaches to structuring human capital have been analyzed and it has been found that the same elements may have different contents depending on the level of the economy. The tools used and the current recommendations on adapting methodological approaches to measuring human capital have been consolidated and systematized. The need for detailed study and justification of the best and most practical methodological approach to measuring human capital based on analysis of their essence, merits and disadvantages is shown.
The article contains the analysis of urban-rural territorial typologies, including OECD and Eurostat typologies used for international comparisons, as well as more detailed approaches to the classification of rural areas in Germany, Canada and Brazil. Russian Federation needs more precise and localized statistical data for elaborating comprehensive urban-rural typology, which would serve political and scientific purposes.
Diversification of activities, as one of the areas of sustainable development of rural areas, includes the development of various types of tourism in rural areas. In this area, Ireland has a rather long history, experience and efficient organization, which are designed to promote the development of rural tourism in order to ensure employment, increase its revenues and preservation of the rural way of life. The experience of this country may be of interest to Russia.
The article assesses the social development of rural areas in the European Union. Based on data from the statistical service of the European Union (Eurostat), an analysis has been made of differences between people living in rural areas and those living in urban areas. The main statistical indicators of rural development are presented, which cover the following pressing issues: the labor market, poverty and social exclusion, housing, health care, education and the digital divide.