The relevance of the study is due to the fact that Russia is one of the world leaders in potato production, with an annual production volume of about 30 million tons. A certain contribution to the profitability of the sub-sector is made by the export component, since the export of potatoes from Russia in 2018 amounted to 140 thousand tons, and the maximum volume of potato exports was reached in 2016, which amounted to 215 thousand tons. A significant part of the products produced from potatoes in Russia are exported, including chips, potato flakes, potato flour, French fries and starch. According to the authors, one of the most promising export products of potato processing is potato starch. First, the production and consumption of starch in the world increases annually. The global demand for starch is growing by an average of 4‰ per year. In developed countries, the consumption of starch per capita is about 2.6 kg per year, in Russia this figure is at the level of 1 kg. secondly, the volume of the Russian market of potato starch is estimated at 28 thousand. t, which is 60-70‰ provided by imports, or in quantitative terms, about 17-20 thousand tons of starch annually. Third, the main advantage of potato starch is its high quality, due to its chemical purity, high potential viscosity, good taste of the paste, as well as the comparative simplicity and availability of its production technology. Moreover, export prices for potato starch are 10-15‰ higher than starch produced from grain raw materials. Consequently, potato starch is a highly sought-after product, both in the domestic and global markets. Russia has all the opportunities to develop potato starch exports abroad without compromising the country's food security.
In recent years, much attention has been paid by the federal authorities to the problem of satisfying the population in milk and dairy products. The solution to this problem is possible mainly due to the increase in milk production in agricultural organizations. Therefore, the article substantiates scenario forecasts of milk production in agricultural organizations for the near future.
The Russian market of dairy products is in the focus of attention of both domestic and foreign researchers. In 2014, European dairy producers were forced to leave the Russian market with heavy losses, but they did not lose interest in it. At the moment, the trends of its development are monitored by foreign analysts due to the fact that Russia has the potential to become a major exporter of dairy products. Their work notes that the goal of the Russian government and dairy producers is to become completely independent of imports. In general, in 2019, the global dairy market has positive trends due to rising prices for dry dairy products and butter. Among the main trends in the development of the market around the world should be noted the growing popularity of healthy protein and flavored dairy products, as well as products with low sugar content. There is a growing demand for milk from other dairy animals (sheep, camel, buffalo). But the trends in the development of the Russian dairy market have quite significant differences from the global ones. In Russia, as well as in developed countries, increasing interest in healthy dairy products, but the demand is negatively affected by the low level of income. The main dairy product for Russians is drinking milk, the share of which for several years is 50‰ in physical terms and about 30‰ in value terms. In 2012-2017, the share of sales costs increased in the cost of production of drinking milk, while there was a decrease in the share of production costs and raw materials. The Russian market of dairy products can grow significantly if the income of Russians will increase.
The article analyzes the current state and trends in the development of horticulture, its placement in macroregions, the level of their self-sufficiency in fruits. The growth reserves are revealed and the parameters of fruit and berry production in the regions are substantiated. The proposed strategy for the development of horticulture, which involves rational, and its location within the country, the concentration of horticulture in specialized organizations and farms, innovative industry development, intensive gardens in the areas of industrial (commercial) horticulture, the use of modern digital technologies of production of fruit and berries, use of high yielding promising varieties of fruit and berry crops, automation and comprehensive mechanization of labor-intensive operations, rational use of grown products based on the development of integration processes and the creation of supply and marketing cooperatives, improvement of state regulation of the industry.
The relevance of the study lies in the fact that the consolidation of young specialists in rural areas remains one of the main problems, which is primarily due to the low attractiveness of the industry, low level of social infrastructure, and insufficient wages. It requires a systematic approach. To date, a holistic and effective organizational and economic mechanism to increase the consolidation of young specialists in rural areas has not been formed. Improvement of the current legislation is required in terms of determining the status of a young specialist traveling to work in rural areas. The question of the provision of comfortable housing for rural residents remains unsolved. Improvement of the housing stock of the countryside is many times lower than in urban areas.
The problem of employment and unemployment is one of the main socio-economic problems of the current stage of development of Russian society. Unemployment entails the squandering on an enormous scale of the main productive force of society, namely, labor; a significant reduction in potential gross domestic product and national income; significant productive expenses of the state for the payment of unemployment benefits, retraining of the unemployed and their employment. Obviously, with the incomplete use of available labor resources, the economic system works without reaching the borders of its production capabilities, and no economic recovery is possible.
The work is devoted to the problems of information and methodological support for assessing the financial situation of organizations of the agricultural sector in modern conditions. The study systematized the informational basis of the study of the financial condition of the organization, revealing the objectives, principles, functions and methods of its analysis. Based on a comparative analysis of existing methodological approaches to assessing the financial condition of an organization, the content, advantages and disadvantages of the coefficient, aggregated, factor, point and matrix approaches are disclosed. Particular attention is paid to the construction of a matrix model of the balance sheet on the materials of agricultural organizations of the Krasnodar Territory, which is more visual and very effective for express analysis .It is substantiated that the assessment of the financial condition of agricultural organizations on the basis of matrix modeling will provide an opportunity to significantly reduce and simplify the process of analyzing the financial condition and to obtain the most accurate and most comprehensive information about objects studied in the context of individual aspects of the financial condition of organizations in order to strengthen it.
The agrarian economy of Russia consists of the totality of the results of the activities of its federal districts, which are involved in agricultural production to one degree or another. A distinctive feature of the North Caucasus Federal District (North-Caucasian Federal District) is the predominant orientation of the economy of its eight regions on the agricultural economy. Therefore, the achievement of sustainable development by the constituent entities of the District is a necessary condition not only for the growth of its economy, but also for the agrarian economy of Russia as a whole. This is facilitated by the presence in the North Caucasus Federal District of a powerful natural resource potential that provides the necessary conditions for the production of a variety of agricultural products, often unique. An assessment of the state of the agrarian economy in the regions of the Okrug and a comparative analysis of their use of their existing agro-resource potential showed the following. Lack of incentive measures. adopted in recent years at the federal, regional and local levels, have not yet led to the neutralization of its negative economic and social trends. With the overall relatively low efficiency of the agricultural economy of the District, significant differences of an inter-regional nature are noted. To a large extent, they are due to the specifics of the natural resource potential accumulated here and the degree of economic management. Their analysis is necessary for the identification and practical implementation of unused reserves for sustainable development of the agricultural economy of the regions of the North-Caucasian Federal District.
The article presents an analysis of the volumes of production and sales of products of the fishery complex of Russia by type and direction of sale. Particular attention is focused on the development of the export potential of this industry, as this is facilitated by modern economic conditions and government guidelines. A list of areas of state support is presented and a characteristic of each of them is given. As a result of the analysis of the series of dynamics of the main industry indicators, a forecast is made for the development of production and export of the main types of products of the fishery complex in our country.
This article analyzes historical and organizational trends in the formation of a cooperative system in the economy and agriculture of Spain. The legal aspects of creating cooperatives, features the creation of a legislative framework of a cooperative system are presented. The role of cooperatives in the economic complex of the country is estimated. The positions of cooperatives in the main agricultural sectors are analyzed and the directions of their activities in the domestic and international food markets are forecasted.