The article is devoted to the study of the problems of digitalization of livestock production processes in Russia. The article provides data on the production of livestock products, as well as the availability of machinery and equipment in organizations engaged in such production. The issues of digitalization of this branch of agriculture and existing measures of state support for the provision of agricultural organizations with machinery and equipment necessary for the digitalization of animal husbandry and their production in the country are considered. New types of state support for the production of such machinery and equipment are proposed.
In the current global economic, political and demographic situation, the problem of pricing mineral fertilizers is becoming increasingly relevant. Mineral fertilizers are the basis for the development of the agricultural industry, which provides the population with food. Based on a comprehensive analysis, the work identifies the main groups of factors that influence the demand for mineral fertilizers, and identifies the features of the formation of prices for mineral fertilizers in modern economic conditions. An assessment is given of the average prices of Russian producers for the main types of fertilizers sold on the domestic market and exported, as well as world prices. In the context of the main domestic producers of mineral fertilizers (PhosAgro, Acron, Uralkali and EuroChem), a comparative structural and dynamic analysis of the cost of products sold, which acts as a factor determining the value of selling prices for fertilizers, was carried out. In conclusion, a forecast for the near future is given regarding the expected dynamics of prices for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium mineral fertilizers.
One of the important components of uninterrupted agricultural production is the timely provision of material and technical resources to producers. Russian agriculture is to a certain extent characterized as small-scale, which complicates its modernization due to the weak financial stability of small agricultural organizations, farms, individual entrepreneurs and households. The cooperative model is practiced around the world to increase scale, as well as to consolidate the interests of members when purchasing expensive equipment. For example, in Germany, Austria, Belgium, Canada and other countries there are machinery sharing cooperatives that are very quickly adapting to market functions in a changing economic environment characterized by technological shifts, industrialization of the agricultural sector and individual farming. Currently, they have diversified their activities and also provide members with fuels and lubricants, seeds, pesticides, fertilizers and other resources. In Russia, supply and service cooperatives play an insignificant role in providing farmers with factors of production. Foreign experience can help in building a workable cooperative system in Russia.
The article focuses on the issues of ensuring information security in agricultural business organizations. The main objects of influence from potential threats to information security in agricultural business organizations have been identified. The most common ways of information security threats in agricultural sector organizations are identified, as well as potential negative consequences in the implementation of information security threats in agricultural business organizations. The necessity of the formation and functioning of the information security department as a structural element of management in agricultural business organizations, especially in large agricultural producers and holding structures, is substantiated. The main elements of the functioning of the information security department in agribusiness organizations are presented, in addition, a methodology for comparative assessment of information security is proposed, with the subsequent possibility of determining the level of information security in an agricultural organization.
Information traditionally plays a crucial role in the management decision-making system. Obtaining comprehensive, reliable and relevant information is impossible without the initiative of the business entity disclosing it. In modern domestic practice, cases of high-quality disclosure of integrated and ESG reporting are not uncommon. The quality of disclosure and the application of "best practices" are monitored by rating agencies, regularly forming reports, ratings and rankings of reporting companies. However, non-financial information is disclosed only by large business entities that focus mainly on international investment structures. Other business entities are not interested in disclosing additional information, which is a problem for their sustainable development, since it is impossible without taking into account the requirements of stakeholders regarding the information flows of the enterprise. The purpose of the study was to study the quantity and quality of information disclosed by agricultural enterprises (using the example of the backbone enterprises of the Samara region). The article describes that the requirements of stakeholders regarding the information of agricultural enterprises have more specific features. Thus, it is agricultural enterprises that should be responsible for the publication of integrated reporting. The article uses the author's methodology for assessing the composition, quantity and quality of information disclosed by business entities about their activities. The approbation was carried out at agricultural enterprises of the Samara region. The result of the study was a quantitative assessment characterizing the disclosure of information by agricultural system-forming enterprises of the Samara region, which complements the regional aspect of the current discussion in the scientific community about the current state of reporting on the sustainable development of agricultural enter prizes.
The article discusses theoretical issues of public-private partnership in the context of the current model of the economic mechanism for the development of the agro-industrial complex. The problem of public-private partnership is considered by many scientists without a dialectical relationship between the phenomenon and the form of its implementation. Whereas, in our opinion, it is the production relations that develop in society that determine certain forms of implementation of interaction between business and the state, business and society and, as a consequence, the development of public-private partnerships and public-private partnerships as an institution representing the interests of society.
The scientific article provides an assessment of the state and management of land resources in agriculture of the Orel region. An economic and statistical analysis of the state of land resources in the agricultural production of the Orel region was carried out, during which it was established that the territory of the region is characterized by high agricultural development. An assessment of the effectiveness of agricultural land management in agricultural organizations in the region is given, which allowed to identify a number of problems in land use. In particular, a tendency was revealed to reduce the share of agricultural land used in the total area of agricultural land in the region. The paper identifies the main ways to involve agricultural land in the turnover, which will directly affect the increase in profitability in agricultural organizations. All this contributes to the creation of an effective mechanism for purposeful regulation of land relations and management of agricultural land in accordance with the ongoing changes in the economy.
The article is devoted to pressing issues of state regulation and significantly different land relations in individual subjects of Russia. Regional legislative acts regulating the turnover of agricultural land plots in the context of economic regions of the Russia are presented and analyzed. The differences between economic regions and patterns between subjects of the same economic region in the system of normative acts on land use, their management at different levels (federal, subject of the Russia and municipal) in the field of land policy, in particular on the disposal of land resources of several regions of the Russian Federation, are established. Attention is drawn to certain regulatory issues, in particular: the maximum size of land plots, pricing under purchase and lease agreements, the auction procedure for disposing of property of subjects of the Russian Federation and land plots whose ownership is not delimited, the timing of privatization of land plots from agricultural lands in state or municipal ownership. Proposals have been made to increase the land tax rate on farmland from the generalization of reputable experts in the field of land market and the long-term experience of their research on this issue in order to preserve soil fertility, the value of farmland, prevent land degradation and stimulate long-term, stable economic relations in the agricultural sector of production.
In order to streamline the content of consulting support the classification of information and consulting support in the agro-industrial complex is proposed according to 15 classification features, including four proposed by the author: according to the state participation in the provision of support; according to the degree of compensation of information and consulting support; according to the subjects of support; according to the types of support. The application of these classification features reflects the current situation in the provision of indirect support to the subjects of agrarian business as an instrument of the state agrarian policy. The classification attributes contained in the study also reflect the objects of support, industry specifics of agro-industrial complex, the level of support, types of activities, physical presence of a person in the process of consulting support, frequency, format and form of receiving information and consulting support. Emphasis is also placed on the stages of the life cycle, at which the consulting support is provided, its content, as well as the place of provision. Fundamentally new for the classification of consulting support in the agro-industrial complex are the classification characteristics that define state and non-state support; consulting, educational, marketing, coordination support, as well as the allocation of access to information resources as a separate type of consulting assistance to the subjects of agribusiness. As a practical illustration of the application of classification attributes and characteristics, the modern directions of information and consulting support are reflected: support of receiving and mastering by agribusiness subjects of direct state support for the development of agricultural production; increasing labor productivity; training of beginning farmers and rural entrepreneurs; promotion of the sale of agricultural products and food produced by agricultural consumer cooperatives. The proposed classification can be subsequently transformed and expanded in accordance with the realities of the current economic situation in the agrarian sector of the economy.
The article made a forecast of achieving the threshold level of Food Independence of Russia for fruits and berries using various analysis tools. A comparative analysis of the reliability of the approximation of various trend lines was carried out. Using the trend line with the highest average probability of approximation, a forecast was made that allows us to establish a calendar year in which, as the leading one, an excellent threshold level of the “Food Security Doctrine of the Russian Federation” for fruits and berries will occur. A forecast was made for achieving the threshold value of Russia's Food Independence for fruits and berries based on extrapolation of indicators of growth in self-sufficiency over five- and ten-year periods. The possibilities of chronologically earlier achievements of food security in the conditions of the formation of control and/or “friendly” imports, previously undefined in the academic environment, are analyzed. A review of the possibilities of creating controlled and friendly imports within the framework of Russia’s membership in various integration formations was carried out. The article is aimed at solving scientific problems of accelerating the achievement of the threshold value of food independence in the most lagging position of food - fruits and berries, which may arouse interest among students and teachers of economic universities and departments, researchers, government officials, as well as other persons dealing with problems food supply.