The mechanism of energy saving in agriculture in improving the structure of production in the Republic of Tajikistan

Issue № 2, 2018, article № 4, pages 26-31

Section: International relations and world agricultural experience

Language: Russian

Original language title: МЕХАНИЗМ ЭНЕРГОСБЕРЕЖЕНИЯ В СЕЛЬСКОМ ХОЗЯЙСТВЕ ПРИ СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИИ СТРУКТУРЫ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ ТАДЖИКИСТАН

Keywords: AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, PRODUCTION STRUCTURE, ENERGY SAVING, CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY PRODUCTS, MECHANISMS OF ENERGY SAVING, ENERGY EFFICIENCY

Abstract: The reformation of the country’s economy led to the formation of market prices and an increase in energy prices. By 2016, the share of agricultural organizations’ expenses exceeded 15‰. In this regard, the issues of saving fuel and energy resources have risen to a qualitatively new level of relevance. The efficiency of production activity of agricultural producers depends on their decision, regardless of the management form. It should be noted that it is not just a matter ofphysical limitation offuel and energy resources, but also about the search of optimal ways of efficient use of energy resources. This requires new approaches to energy regulation and consumption and the transition from energy- and material-intensive technologies to resource-saving, low-cost ones. Modern agricultural production required the search and implementation of new methodological approaches that allow to conduct a comprehensive study of the energy consumption, to develop special indicators that characterize the bioenergy base and the bioenergy potential of agriculture. This method is a systemic energy analysis. The high relevance of the problem of saving fuel and energy resources and insufficient development of scientific and methodological basis for its solution in the conditions of a specific region have made it necessary to conduct research in this direction. The purpose of the study was to develop methodological and practical recommendations for the organizational and economic bases of energy saving in agriculture and the preparation of design solutions in relation to the conditions of the region under study. The methodology and methods of research are based on the use offundamental economic laws and categories, and on the use of theoretical and methodological provisions in the field of economics and organization of agricultural production, regional production and economic systems, resource and energy saving systems developed by classical economists and modern Rus- sian and foreign scientists. In the framework of system analysis, various methods of economic research were used: monographic, abstract-logical, computational-constructive, correlation-regression analysis, deterministic factor analysis, economic and mathematical modeling etc. The article considers the issues of improving the structure ofproduction as a factor in the growth of energy saving in agriculture.

Authors: Ashurov Ikhtier Saidovich, Rakhimov Zafar Saidalievich, Paimoni Dzhurazoda