Gross harvest of citrus worldwide and in the main countries-producers

Issue № 5, 2021, article № 12, pages 133-143

Section: International relations and world agricultural experience

Language: Russian

Original language title: ВАЛОВЫЕ СБОРЫ ЦИТРУСОВЫХ В МИРЕ И В ОСНОВНЫХ СТРАНАХ-ПРОДУЦЕНТАХ

Keywords: CITRUS FRUITS, ORANGES, TANGERINES, LEMONS AND LIMES, GRAPEFRUIT, PRODUCTION VOLUMES, RATING OF THE LARGEST PRODUCING COUNTRIES

Abstract: Citrus plants, since ancient times known to the inhabitants of China, Southeast Asia and India, today are grown on an industrial scale in a number of countries in Europe, North, Central and South America, Africa. Moreover, some of these countries in 1961 were leaders in the global ranking of that time in terms of the production of citrus fruits. In particular, the USA ranked first in gross harvests of these fruits with volumes of 6.932 million tons (27.66‰ of the world as a whole), Brazil was in second position with 2.077 million tons (8.29‰), Spain - the third - 1.963 million tons (7.83‰), Italy - the fourth - 1.477 million tons (5.89‰). Of the Asian countries, only India was included in the top five leaders with volumes of 2.077 million tons (4.84‰ of the world as a whole). As for our country, in the days of the Soviet Union, in order to meet the needs of the population and the food industry for some fruits of citrus crops, in a number of the republics of the Caucasus and Central Asia, projects were carried out to increase the area under these plants, to increase the gross harvest of the corresponding fruits. However, given the limited area of their possible large-scale production on the territory of the USSR, the state authorities began to increase the volume of their import from abroad, primarily from countries that were considered “friendly” or “conditionally neutral”. Russia, after the collapse of the Soviet Union, almost completely switched to providing the national market for citrus fruits through their import supplies. In general, the urgency of the indicated problem is due to the need to identify the main trends of change during 1961-2019. the volume of gross harvests of citrus fruits in the world, both in relation to specific subgroups of these fruits, and in the context of the main producing countries.

Authors: Mukhametzianov Rafail Ruvinovich, Korolkov Andrei Fedorovich, Ostapchuk Tatiana Vladimirovna, Ivantsova Natalia Nikolaevna