STRUCTURAL SHIFTS AND INVESTMENT PRIORITIES IN RUSSIAN ANIMAL FARMING: A REGIONAL ASPECT

Issue № 8, 2026, article № 20, pages 229-238

Section:

Language: Russian

Original language title: СТРУКТУРНЫЕ СДВИГИ И ИНВЕСТИЦИОННЫЕ ПРИОРИТЕТЫ В ЖИВОТНОВОДСТВЕ РОССИИ: РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЙ АСПЕКТ

Keywords: LIVESTOCK FARMING, REGIONAL ASYMMETRY, CLUSTER ANALYSIS, PIG FARMING, DAIRY FARMING, POULTRY FARMING, FIXED CAPITAL INVESTMENT, FOOD SECURITY, STRUCTURAL-INDUSTRY PROFILE, FEDERAL DISTRICT

Abstract: This article provides a comprehensive assessment of structural changes in livestock production in the Russian Federation for the period 2000-2024, based on data from the Federal State Statistics Service. Using statistical analysis and multivariate clustering, significant regional asymmetries in the distribution of livestock numbers and the production of milk, meat, and eggs were identified. It was found that pig farming entered a stagnation phase in 2024 for the first time in a long period (with the herd declining to 27.8 million heads) amid hyperconcentration in the Central Federal District (56% of the herd). Dairy farming has demonstrated steady productivity growth – the average milk yield per cow reached 8,290 kg, offsetting the decline in the cattle herd (to 16.2 million heads). Poultry farming has reached a plateau, with egg production at 46.5 billion. Cluster analysis identifies leading regions (Tyumen Oblast, Krasnoyarsk Krai, and the Republic of Tatarstan) and persistently underperforming areas (the Volga region, Altai Krai, and the Republics of Mari El, Udmurtia, and Mordovia). The need for a transition from a territorial principle of state support to a structural and sectoral profile of regions is substantiated. Differentiated recommendations for livestock development are proposed for each type of region.

Authors: Gusmanov Rasul Uzbekovich, Lubova Tatyana Nikolaevna, Salimova Guzel Anasovna, Alekseeva Svetlana Alexandrovna, Braginets IUrii Nikolaevich, Skvortsov Vsevolod Valerevich