TRANSFORMATION OF LABOR POTENTIAL IN RURAL AREAS OF THE FAR EAST IN THE CONDITIONS OF DEPOPIATION

Issue № 5, 2026, article № 33, pages 333-341

Section:

Language: Russian

Original language title: ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЯ ТРУДОВОГО ПОТЕНЦИАЛА СЕЛЬСКИХ ТЕРРИТОРИЙ ДАЛЬНЕГО ВОСТОКА В УСЛОВИЯХ ДЕПОПУЛЯЦИИ

Keywords: DEPOPULATION, RURAL AREAS, LABOR MARKET, LABOR POTENTIAL, FAR EAST, LAND RELATIONS, BUSINESS STRUCTURE, MIGRATION, BALANCE

Abstract: This study analyzes depopulation as a systemic factor causing a labor market crisis in agriculture in the Far Eastern Federal District. The author presents a comprehensive approach to assessing the balance of the rural labor market, based on the study of three interrelated analytical frameworks: (1) "land relations - economic structure"; (2) "economic structure - labor demand"; (3) "migration dynamics - labor supply". This approach allows us to identify cause-and-effect relationships between land use institutions, the sectoral structure of the economy that creates jobs, and the demographic flows that determine the workforce. It has been established that depopulation in the Far Eastern Federal District is structural in nature, leading to a 19-40% reduction in the working-age population, a 34-52% decrease in the number of jobs in rural areas, a sharp aging of the employed population (an increase in the average age of 4.2-8.1 years), and the degradation of social infrastructure [5, 10]. It is shown that the imbalance between labor demand in low-income and seasonal sectors (tourism, agriculture) and supply from young people focused on modern employment formats and quality of life exacerbates migration outflow. Based on a three-loop model, a system of strategic measures has been developed aimed at achieving a balanced rural labor market through the synchronization of land, industry, and migration policies. The proposed tools include the development of cooperation and clustering in rural areas, the adaptation of educational programs, the creation of digital infrastructure solutions, and the implementation of targeted migration programs that take into account regional specifics.

Authors: Imideeva Irina Vladimirovna