TRENDS AND PROMISING DIRECTIONS OF HORTICULTURE DEVELOPMENT IN RUSSIA

Issue № 5, 2023, article № 14, pages 167-174

Section: Economics of agribusiness sectors

Language: Russian

Original language title: ТЕНДЕНЦИИ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫЕ НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ РАЗВИТИЯ САДОВОДСТВА В РОССИИ

Keywords: GARDENING, ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY, PRODUCTION, PLANTING AREAS, PLANTING MATERIAL, STORAGE, PROCESSING, MARKETING INFRASTRUCTURE, SELF-SUFFICIENCY, CONSUMPTION, FORMS OF MANAGEMENT

Abstract: Gardening is an important branch of agriculture, because the products produced here – fruits and berries – are a source of vitamins and many other nutrients that are useful and necessary for people's life and health. The purpose of the study was to assess the trends in the development of horticulture in Russia, to identify promising areas for the growth of its effectiveness. In the process of work, various general scientific methods were used: analytical, economic-statistical, mono-graphic and others. The study showed that the recommended annual medical needs of a Russian person in fruits and berries are met only by 80%, and at the expense of domestic production - only by 45 percent. These circumstances contributed to the development of directions of state support for increasing the area of planting gardens in Russia. As a result, the increase in the production of fruits and berries for 2018-2021 amounted to 19.5%. However, this increase turned out to be uneven across the forms of management and the territory of the country. The largest share in the production of fruits and berries still falls on households (64.1% in 2021). More than 30% of horticulture production falls on the Southern Federal District. Changing the situation requires an assessment of existing problems along the entire chain of the fruit and berry subcomplex of Russia: the material and technical support of specialized machines and equipment of economic entities is insufficient and inefficient, the production of planting material does not cover the existing need for it for commodity producers, the laying of new gardens is carried out without taking into account the technological features of fruit and berry crops cultivation, the low level of storage, processing, commodity refinement of manufactured products, the infrastructure of the market. The solution of these problems in a short time is possible only with the participation of state authorities at the federal, regional and municipal levels.

Authors: Sushentsova Svetlana Sergeevna, Afanasev Valerii Ivanovich