The development of scientific potential and the introduction of innovative solutions is becoming critical for the further development of the agro-industrial complex of Russia. This is due to the fact that the agro-industrial complex of Russia is a strategically important industry, therefore, a new stage of technological development, which has affected all sectors, is directly related to the agricultural sector of the economy. Today, the task of transforming agriculture into a high-tech competitive element of the food system is acute. Such a statement of the task increases the need to intensify the introduction of innovations in all areas of the agro-industrial complex, and therefore the demand for scientific support of appropriate management decisions increases
The article is devoted to the problems of leasing development and assessment of its impact on the activation of investment processes in the agro-industrial complex. The study showed that state-supported leasing did not have the expected impact on the increase in the investment potential of agricultural producers. The reasons hindering the development of agricultural leasing are: increasing prices for agricultural machinery, low solvency of agricultural producers, monolinearity of preferential leasing transactions (lack of choice of leasing products), insufficient level of state subsidies, inefficient operation of the state support mechanism focused on the interests of the lessor, not the agrarian. To improve the efficiency of leasing relations in the agro-industrial complex, it is necessary to set a higher threshold for the supply of equipment under preferential leasing for Rosagroleasing. The volume of state subsidies should be increased and extended not only to the percentage component of the lease payment, but also to the part of the base cost of equipment, it is also necessary to reduce the amount of the lessor's commission charged as part of the lease payment from 10% to 5%. In addition, it is necessary to carry out preferential leasing transactions with secondary market equipment.
The article analyzes the current state of the poultry industry in Russia. The important role of poultry products in ensuring the food security of the country. The features of the implementation of the subprogram developed to create a domestic competitive cross of meat chickens in order to obtain broilers are considered. The results achieved during the operation of the subprogram are investigated. Trends and factors of development of domestic poultry farming are determined. The growth rates of production in the countries that occupy a leading position in the production of poultry products are considered. It is shown that, despite the dynamic development of domestic industrial production at the present time, there is an urgent need to recreate domestic breeding in order to reduce the dependence of Russian poultry farming on imported crosses using high-tech developments and complex scientific and technical projects of a full innovation cycle.
The study of problems related to the regulation of the process of formation and development of specialized high-tech zones for the production of certain types of agricultural products is an urgent research area from the point of view of the possibilities and specifics of the spatial development of agriculture in individual macro-regions. The article discusses the trends, the main directions, as well as the tools used to manage and regulate the process of forming specialized high-tech zones for the production of certain types of products in agriculture. It is proposed to use the methodology of a point-rating evaluation system within the framework of the formation of high-tech zones for the production of certain types of agricultural products in the macroregion, based on correlation analysis and the method of coefficients.
This article examines the organizational and economic structure of management of specialized high-tech zones for the production of certain types of agricultural products in the digital information space, the formation of which will contribute to the effective functioning and management of these zones, as well as the development of economic and economic activities using organizational, production, financial, economic, technical, technological and other structures in the field of agricultural business. In modern conditions, the development of management structures should use more flexible elements based on progressive methods and advanced achievements related to the effective distribution of functions, powers, responsibilities and building vertical and horizontal management at all hierarchical levels with the inclusion of integration and agricultural cooperation in this process to achieve the strategic goals. Therefore, when forming the organizational and economic management structure of specialized high-tech zones, it is necessary to substantiate and identify a number of factors affecting the structuring and establishment of the relationship between them, as well as to form the completeness of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of these relationships. It is necessary to determine the direction of the impacts of certain types of management activities on the relationship between linear and functional components related to the distribution of official powers between the personnel of the management system and the achievement of a more mutually close interaction of all participating elements in the forming management system, which should exist in a certain relationship with other elements of economic and economic activity of these zones.
The new agrarian policy of the Government of the Russian Federation accepted since the beginning of the 2000th directed to rendering full support to producers of all forms of ownership promoted achievement of positive results within the industry. It is revealed that during 2005-2021 volumes of production of agriculture countrywide increased by 458.3% (by 5.6 times), at the same time grains and leguminous, sugar beet, sunflower and vegetables 93% (by 1.9 times), for 141% (by 2.4 times), for 19% (by 1.2 times), respectively increased by 56% (by 1.5 times). Existence of positive trends in the sphere of agrarian and industrial complex of Russia promoted formation of a stable base for export of its food, agronational economy, necessary for the organization of gradual transition, to the new level of functioning which preservation in further prospect is possible due to providing intensive type of expanded reproduction. Author's approach to definition of the concept "expanded reproduction in a rural hozyayst" is presented in article, its main (basic) and specific features (factors) are reflected. The optimizing model aimed at finding a preset value of an indicator of level of profitability of the branches of agriculture for the purpose of providing in them expanded reproduction, identification of stages of a teushchy economic condition of producers and ways of increase in their financial stability is offered. In work results of rating assessment of volumes of production of crop production of the Saratov region are presented, that number growth from 2013 to 2021 of gross collecting grain and leguminous (by 1.2 times), corn (by 5.5 times), sunflower (by 1.5 times), sugar beet (by 2.4 times), soy (by 3.7 times) is revealed, at their simultaneous reduction on potatoes (by 0.4 times) and to vegetables (by 0.9 times). The most perspective organizations of the region for expanded reproduction in the context of concrete types of food are revealed, stages of their economic stability are defined.
The article examines the problems of Russian-Iranian trade and economic cooperation in the field of agriculture, namely the development of exports of agricultural products from Russia to Iran. Russia's trade relations with the countries of the Middle East account for a significant share of Russian trade turnover. Increasing foreign trade cooperation in the face of anti-Russian and anti-Iranian sanctions is especially relevant in modern geopolitical conditions. In addition, the long-term prospects for mutual trade and economic cooperation between Russia and Iran will be aimed at reorienting the countries' monetary policy and switching to settlements in national currencies.
International sanctions against Cuba were imposed by the United States of America in 1960. A total trade embargo was imposed, bans were imposed on all international banking payment and settlement operations, it was forbidden for USA citizens to visit the country, and telecommunications communication was interrupted. After more than 60 years, some sanctions against Cuba have been relaxed, some, on the contrary, have been strengthened. The prolonged application of economic sanctions has not achieved its goal and has not led to a change in the political regime in Cuba, but it causes significant economic damage to the country. The basis of the country's economy is the agricultural sector, whose products were widely represented in the commodity nomenclature of Cuban exports before the sanctions were imposed. The introduction of the USA international trade embargo has led to significant currency losses of the country. Despite the harsh sanctions pressure, Cuba has adapted its agri-food market, using the full potential of rational land use aimed at reducing the negative impact of agriculture on the ecosystem and has achieved high production rates with low energy consumption and external resources. Among the achievements of Cuban agriculture on an agroecological basis, it should be noted, in particular, the production of environmentally friendly food products, the reduction of imports of food and chemical fertilizers.
The work is devoted to the problems of formation of strategic directions for ensuring food security of Russia in the conditions of functioning of interstate associations. The possibilities of the state of food security of the country in various formats of interaction between states are considered. Based on the analysis of the functioning of Russia in various forms of interstate interactions, strategic directions for the development of the country's food security in the areas of its provision were developed.
The agricultural sector plays an important role in the economy of many regions, but climate change can seriously affect this sector and its management. In recent decades, climate change has begun to significantly affect agricultural production, thereby determining the level of economic development of agro-industrial regions. Modern management methods must take into account the influence of climatic factors. The article is devoted to the study of issues of managing an agricultural region, taking into account climate change and their impact on socio-economic development. In the context of climate change and environmental challenges, agriculture is becoming one of the key sectors of the economy that requires effective management. The author analyzed modern approaches to the management of an agricultural region in the context of climate change. The main climatic factors that affect agricultural production and the development of the region as a whole are also considered.