The relevance of the research topic is to identify and summarize the main prerequisites and key factors that indicate the economic feasibility of further increasing the production of corn grain in Russia, including due to the growth of territorial distribution of crops, improving domestic seed production, farm specialization and other measures. The focus of the article is on increasing the distribution of maize crops for grain in new regions of the country, particularly in the Crimea, on increasing the gross grain harvest in the Far East, in Tatarstan and in other regions cultivating this valuable culture. The problem of the domestic development of seed production for the production of early ripe drought and frost-resistant seeds and hybrids of maize and the reduction to a minimum of their foreign products has been brought up to date. The aim of the study was to analyze the current status of the placement of corn crops in our country, the yields achieved and the total harvest over the years and to prepare proposals for the near future for their further development, which is the main results of this work. The key conclusion of the work is that Russia has all the necessary prerequisites, given the high yield of corn for grain and silage, its profitability (with a yield of 50 c / ha - 65‰, and at 80 c / ha - at least 130‰), the need to ensure high-grade feeds of developing livestock and poultry production, increase the export grain potential, purposefully increase the territorial distribution of corn in new regions of the country, or their share in the total crops of grain and leguminous crops.
The relevance of the chosen research topic is that, by 2020, despite the provisions of the Food Security Doctrine, the level of provision of the population of most regions of the country with their own food products remains at a very low level. So in the Vologda region own production of vegetables is below the recommended normal by 60‰ per capita, the same situation on meat. Increasing the level of food security in the region and bringing the normal of vegetable consumption to those recommended at the expense of their own resources is possible when the industry transitions to an innovative development path. The study presents a methodology for predicting the development of vegetable production, taking into account its specificity, based on the method of expert assessments, regression and cognitive analysis. Characteristic given one of the innovative scenarios for the development of the “global breakthrough” industry is given according to five criteria: government support, educational activity, social development, innovation activity and the general dynamics of agricultural development. Description is given of the stages of development of vegetable production in the framework of the scenario. A forecast of vegetable production in the region as a whole and per capita, as well as their level of consumption, was made.
The article describes the main changes that have occurred in the Russian cheese market for 5 years since the introduction of economic sanctions by Western countries and the food embargo imposed by the country's leadership in 2014 as a response. The dynamics of import, domestic production and consumption in the Russian cheese market, as well as the main problems facing market participants are described.
The experience of supporting local communities in the development of rural areas from the General budget of the European Union within the LEADER and CLLD programs is highlighted. A critical analysis of the use of this method of rural development in Russia under the Federal target program sustainable development of rural territories for 2014-2017 and for the period up to 2020 (the FTP URSTA) and the State program of complex development of ru- ral territories for the years 2020-2025 (GPCRS). The proposals for optimizing the contribution of the Federal budget to the implementation ofprojects prepared on local initiatives, improving the economic efficiency of these allocations in terms of attracting resources for the development of rural areas of the subjects of the Russian Federation, prevention of financial risks of the implementation of the GPKRST.
The article deals with the issues of rational use of forest resources in Canada. The role of the timber indus- try of the country in providing incomes and employment of the rural population is shown. The measures taken to im- prove the competitiveness of the canadian forest sector, create new jobs, increase local the incomes are considered.
Import substitution in conditions of aggravation of the external political and external economic situation in Russia is increasingly considered as one of the priorities of the state economic policy. The need for import substitution in the domestic economy is long overdue, the Russian economy for a long time has exclusively raw materials orientation, which led to import dependence in industry, trade, agriculture and other industries. The concept of import substitution fully fits into the idea of the doctrine of food security of the Russian. Import substitution of the agricultural sector has become a tool for solving the tasks set in the doctrine. The authors considered the implementation of the strategy of import substitution in agriculture in two adjacent regions with different reproductive structure - in Kursk and Orel regions. The article deals with the peculiarities of the regional structure of agricultural production andfood consumption in the regions under consideration. The forecast of agricultural pro- duction and the possibility of integration into the implementation ofthe strategy of import substitution. In the development of the forecast were used all-Russian scenario conditions base, conservative, target and deflator indices. Taking this into account, there will be detailed work to improve the mechanisms of state support for agricultural entrepreneurship, contributing to the conclusion of domestic producers to a qualitatively new level of competitiveness and import substitution.
The need to reform the agrarian sector of the Russian economy is one of the main problems in achieving food security and creating food reserves in the country. On the basis of the dynamics of indicators of the economic development of the agro-industrial complex, an assessment of the prevailing economic conditions was given and possible prospects for economic growth in the agrarian sector were substantiated. The need to develop, simultaneously with large-scale production, medium and small business, to provide him with public and private support in an increasing volume.
The work is devoted to the problem of building an optimized system for managing spatial distribution and specialization of agricultural production. The assessment of the dynamics of production and consumption of agricultural products and their processing is given, the main indicators of state support of the agro-industrial complex in Russia are indicated. The main problems, strategic and technological approaches in the development of agricultural production are identified. An assessment of the volume of state subsidies in the context of measures to support agro-industrial production was carried out, followed by an analysis of the role of subsidies in the results of economic activities of organizations engaged in agriculture, for the purpose of compiling a rating of subjects of the Russian Federation by level of state support. A conceptual model of the organizational mechanism for the formation and functioning of a coordinating trans- macroregional control system for the placement of branches of the agro-industrial complex has been developed.
The task set by the President of Russia to break through scientific, technological and socio-economic devel- opment requires a comprehensive macroeconomic policy aimed at stimulating investment activities to increase the productivity of the economy on the principles of expanded reproduction. High growth requires investment of at least 25 per cent of GDP, currently 21 per cent, and in industrialized countries this figure is 30 per cent or more. At the same time, there should be not only and not so much budget money, but also financial means of business. Along with the implementation of infrastructure projects, projects for the development of education, science and health have a significant long-term macroeconomic effect necessary for the growth of the economy of the food complex. The factors causing the slowdown are related to the low level of technical and technological development of many enterprises engaged in the food subcomplex of the country, the lack of modern trawlers and fishing gear for fishing in Convection areas and waters of the World ocean, as well as the lack of modern storage and logistics infrastructure. The growing technological gap, resulting in a low level of investment and innovation activities of economic entities inevitably leads to a decrease in the competitiveness of the Russian agro-industrial and fisheries complexes. The imperative of eco- nomic growth in modern conditions is the process of expansion and availability of credit in order to Finance invest- ments for the expansion of industrial production. The use of the available resource and scientific and technical potential will ensure the achievement of targets for the growth rate of the economy and the solution of problems to improve the welfare of the people only if the state creates comprehensive incentive measures to implement the achievements of scientific and technological progress in the development of the food subcomplex of Russia.
The potential of dairy cattle breeding and the milk processing industry of the Republic of Tatarstan, the formed network of channels of sale of milk and dairy products creating objective preconditions and conditions for development of the market of milk and dairy products is revealed. The progressive growth of gross production and sales of milk and dairy products, productivity of cows, marketability of raw milk, labor productivity, product quality and profitability of the dairy industry. The reasons and constraining factors of development of the market of milk and dairy products in the Republic of Tatarstan are opened: scarce legal base on regulation of the market of milk and dairy products, on implementation of standardization, certification and marking of milk. The factors contributing to the development of the market of milk and dairy products: the volume and quality of feed resources, the traditions of the population in the conduct of dairy farming, limited use of mineral fertilizers, increased demand for quality milk and dairy products, the lack of competition in the market of suppliers of environmentally safe milk, consumers attention to environmental dairy products. The role of purchasing and marketing cooperatives in increasing the marketability of milk produced in households is established.