The article analyzes the state of the wine industry in the Republic of Dagestan. Its historical, socio-economic features are considered. The main trends in the development of winemaking in the region in 2015-2025 are characterized by an increase in the volume of wine production, positive indicators of the production and economic activity of wine and cognac organizations, the expansion of the area of perennial grape plantations and an increase in gross grape harvests. Today, Dagestan occupies a niche in the Russian wine market in the most relevant category of inexpensive grape wines (in the price group up to 500 rubles). The increase in demand for grapes produced in the republic has allowed it to occupy another niche – the production of components for wine products, which makes it possible to reduce dependence on imported components for wine production. as well as to develop interregional cooperation with Russian manufacturing regions. The problems that complicate the activities of domestic wine and cognac organizations are highlighted: in the procurement of necessary new equipment, the lack of oenological preparations for the production of wine products, the complexity of logistics chains, and others. The main directions of the development of winemaking in the republic are revealed: increasing technological potential, ensuring the stability and sustainability of the development of viticulture, grape processing, the development of enotourism, technical and technological modernization, the availability of investments, the introduction of digital technologies, professional development, the use of various marketing tools. The results of the study can be used as part of the development of a strategy for the development of viticulture and winemaking in the republic.
The relevance of studying the economics of deep-value processing of agricultural raw materials stems from the urgent need to move beyond the commodity-based development model of the agro-industrial complex, enhance its competitiveness, and shift toward producing high-value-added goods. This article addresses a critical gap between the substantial raw material potential of many agrarian-oriented countries and the low level of its realization in the form of final, high-margin products. The study aims to conduct a comprehensive economic analysis of deep-value processing as an alternative to commodity-driven economies, identify its key drivers and barriers, and formulate practical recommendations. The methodological framework combines systematic and comparative analyses based on scholarly literature, sectoral reports, and business plans. Findings confirm that competitive advantage arises from the synergy of technological raw material fractionation, product portfolio diversification, and market responsiveness. A comparative analysis reveals contrasting yet successful industry models in the EU and the U.S., each tailored to its specific institutional context. The central conclusion for commodity-dependent countries is that the primary obstacle lies not in technology but in institutional and managerial barriers—overcoming which requires coordinated state support measures and the formation of integrated business structures capable of effectively participating in global value chains.
Given the multifactorial nature of economic growth, identifying drivers that combine accelerated output growth with the formation of efficiency standards and the spread of effects to related markets requires the use of comparable and verifiable criteria. Fast-growing companies are considered in the article as a specific class of growth sources, the development of which is determined by a combination of internal factors (personnel, technology, management practices) and external conditions. Thus, the authors justify the importance of typologizing BRCs for interpreting rapid growth mechanisms and selecting differentiated support tools, and highlight the key conditions for sustainable scaling, including the development of human capital, management competencies, and digital maturity in managing the risks of digitalization. An integrated EBRC index has been developed to quantitatively identify companies that demonstrate a high rate of economic activity expansion, contribution to employment, efficiency growth, scaling potential, and financial stability. It is noted that, as applied to the agribusiness sector, the proposed approach provides a methodological basis for a comparable assessment of fast-growing companies and justification of their development directions, focused on sustainable growth and strengthening of multiplier effects in agri-food value chains.
This study proposes a new approach to analyzing the impact of global shocks on Russian agriculture. Unlike the traditional adaptive response paradigm, shocks are viewed as a diagnostic tool revealing latent structural imbalances in the sector. Key global shocks for the period 2014-2024 were identified and classified. An analysis of agricultural production volumes by food product revealed a technological gap between the livestock and crop production subsectors, manifested in different rates of productivity growth under the shocks studied. Foreign trade statistics revealed the sector's raw materials focus, while price index analysis revealed the development of a persistent gap between administratively controlled selling prices and the uncontrolled growth of imported input costs. The reviewed data on investment in the sector highlighted the problem of its declining share in total investment, which has progressively manifested itself with each new crisis and has signaled a shift in the investment model. A comprehensive analysis allowed us to classify the identified shifts, identifying their actual manifestations and long-term consequences. Based on this, key areas for potential reforms for the further development of the agricultural sector were identified, with the state as the primary initiator.
The paper examines the development features of agricultural consumer cooperation in the Penza region. The uniqueness of the development of agricultural consumer cooperation in the region is manifested in: the numerical leadership of cooperatives during the implementation of the national priority project; the promotion of cooperatives based on the established system of agricultural consumer cooperation; the organization of cooperatives in the housing and utilities sector of municipal formations; the development and implementation of state support for second-tier credit cooperatives; and the piloting of a multi-channel support system for cooperation. The article proposes measures to develop cooperative processes in the region.
The relevance of this topic stems from the need to ensure the sustainability of agricultural organizations in the Central Black Earth Region in the face of climatic, market, and technological challenges. The problem is that existing research does not provide a comprehensive understanding of the role of management potential as a system-forming factor for sustainability, especially in the context of regional specifics. The goal of this study is to develop a theoretical model and practical recommendations for developing management potential to increase the sustainability of agricultural enterprises in the region. The study methodology included a comparative analysis of 85 enterprises, a survey of managers (n=97), expert interviews (n=15), and a content analysis of professional development programs. The results revealed key issues: the prevalence of authoritarian management methods (73% of family businesses), a shortage of young personnel with digital skills (less than 18%), weak integration with science (22% of enterprises), and a low practical orientation of training. A four-block model of managerial potential (human resources, strategic, organizational and technological potential, and integration) has been developed. Its alignment with sustainability components (production, economic, social, and environmental) has been demonstrated, and specific measures for capacity development through education, cooperation, and grant support have been proposed. Key finding: targeted development of managerial potential is a systemic prerequisite for the transition to sustainable development of the region's agribusiness.
The article focuses on analyzing the key factors and conditions affecting the global grain market in the context of increasing geopolitical instability. It explores the interconnections between political conflicts, sanctions regimes, disruptions in logistics chains, and their impact on pricing, trade volumes, and food security. The article examines the transformation of traditional export and import routes, the changing roles of major producing and consuming countries, and the strategies adopted by market participants to adapt to these new conditions. It also highlights the long-term structural shifts, including the search for alternative suppliers, the accumulation of national reserves, and the intensification of protectionist measures. Based on a comprehensive analysis of economic, political, and climate aspects, the paper concludes that the global grain market is entering a phase of increased volatility and fragmentation, where geopolitical risks are becoming a defining factor for its future development.
Human capital is the dominant factor in the sustainable and competitive development of the agricultural sector in the context of implementing import substitution policies, ensuring technological sovereignty, and ensuring food security in Russia. This paper examines the problem of personnel shortages in the agricultural sector of the Russian Federation, which poses a significant obstacle to the formation and reproduction of human capital and creates the risk of failing to achieve state-set development targets for the agricultural sector. The study draws on official statistics and analytical services and reveals a persistent trend of declining employment in agriculture, while the demand for personnel in agricultural organizations is growing. It emphasizes that the personnel shortage is characterized not only by quantity but also by quality: industry modernization processes and the introduction of Agriculture 4.0. elements are driving increasing demand for qualified specialists. It is also established that the labor market in the agricultural sector exhibits characteristics of a «job seeker's market», in which employers are experiencing difficulties filling positions and are forced to compete for talent. The study examines the motivational and institutional factors that influence job seekers' professional preferences in the labor market and determine their low level of interest in working in the agricultural sector. The findings demonstrate the multifactorial nature of the labor shortage in the agricultural sector and confirm the need for a targeted analysis of the causes, as well as the synchronized and coordinated implementation of measures at both the government and corporate levels to improve the attraction, training, and retention of qualified personnel.
The article is devoted to the study of the features and problems of spatial transformation of rural areas, which is an objective property of their development. A terminological analysis of the transformation has been carried out, which has shown the multidimensional and diverse nature of its interpretation within the framework of an interdisciplinary approach. It has been established that there is not yet a unified scientific and conceptual approach to the definition of rural transformation in the works of the scientific community. It is proved that rural spatial transformation has an impact on settlement, distribution of economic activity and placement of infrastructure facilities. The signs, problems and parameters of modern transformation processes in rural areas are identified. Special attention is paid to assessing changes in the settlement system, including the organization of the settlement network, the concentration of rural settlements and their overcrowding, and the connectivity of paved roads. Negative spatial trends in the transformation of rural areas, violating territorial integrity, as well as deepening the processes of heterogeneity and imbalance of their development, are noted. It is concluded that understanding the essence of rural spatial transformations, the causes of their occurrence and the solution of the identified problems will eliminate the imbalances in the territorial organization of rural areas, as well as manage the transformation processes by taking into account the peculiarities of the transformation of rural space.
The agricultural sector is structurally and substantively differentiated from other sectors of the economy, so the approach to motivating and stimulating the work of civil servants specializing in solving agricultural problems should differ, based on the specifics of their professional duties and the purpose of their efforts. There is a hypothesis that the civil service system has an algorithm for developing the motivation of civil servants and applying incentive measures based on a specific principle, depending on the scope of their professional tasks. The purpose of this study is to identify the algorithm of incentive policy in the civil service system at the regional and federal district levels with a strong agricultural potential. The research methods include the analysis of the existing theoretical framework, specification, and synthesis of the obtained results. As a result of the research, the structures of the civil servant's motivation and labor incentives have been formed, as well as the key components of the algorithm for establishing the relationship between these aspects. Using the regions of the Siberian Federal District and the North Caucasus Federal District as examples, a criterion-based assessment of the labor incentives for civil servants has been conducted based on the analysis of relevant legislation. This assessment has revealed the areas of incentive policies specific to the regions of these federal districts, allowing for the identification of the type of motivation supported among civil servants at the regional level, taking into account the economic potential of the territory. The stimulating policy in the field of public service in regions with pronounced agricultural potential has been evaluated. The developed algorithm for stimulating public servants in regions with agricultural potential allows us to determine the guidelines for further scientific research.