Plant health is very important for crop production and various means and methods are used to protect it. In Russia, as throughout the world, the main agents are chemical plant protection products. In recent years, the Russian market for plant protection products has been developing steadily after two decades of stagnation. Domestic producers largely meet the needs of farmers. The pesticide market is a consolidated market dominated by a few global companies. After the start of the SVO, some of them left the Russian market, thereby opening up additional niches for local manufacturers of chemicals, which allowed them to increase supplies to the domestic market. However, the lack of active substance capacity in the country makes the Russian market unstable. The Russian plant protection products market is affected by several multi-vector factors, which can be divided into political, economic and environmental. Their influence will be examined in the proposed scientific work.
. The article presents the current state of the meat and dairy sub-industry, notes the role in the development of the agro-industrial complex and the achievement of the Doctrine of Food Security of the Russia, and also generates proposals for further increasing the rate of production and export of livestock products. Technical support is one of the key factors for the further effective development of the production of meat and dairy products at all stages from the receipt of raw materials to its processing, including equipping livestock farmers with modern feed procurement equipment, construction and modernization of livestock facilities (premises, farms, complexes) and processing industries from small to large . The main directions of development are proposed: updating the fleet of agricultural machinery and equipment for meat and dairy production by strengthening regional support, taking into account the specifics of the constituent entities of the Russia; increasing capacity for primary and advanced processing of meat and dairy raw materials, including with the participation of small businesses, both through the development of cooperation and through the formation of a closed production cycle.
The paper pays attention to the assessment of the prerequisites for the formation and functioning of agglomerations in rural areas by regions of Russia in the context of federal districts. Scientifically based methodological approaches to the analysis of the state of regions to the conditions of development of agglomerations in rural areas are presented. The types of municipalities in the system of the municipal structure of the regions of Russia are determined. The assessment of promising directions for the formation and functioning of agglomerations in rural areas in the regions by federal districts is carried out for the purposes of subsequent grouping of regions based on the analysis of a system of indicators taking into account the share of rural population in the region living in rural areas, the number of municipalities, including rural settlements, the density of highways per unit area in the region, the share of agricultural land destinations in the total area of the region, as well as the share of gross agricultural output in the GRP of the region and the state of the housing stock according to the dynamics of housing commissioning for the year.
This article evaluates the degree of influence of export and export food flows on the balance of key types of food in the regions of the Siberian Federal District from the perspective of rational norms. The work uses a two-stage methodological approach based on the application of the method of economic coefficients (determination of indicators of the balance of food supply to the population of the regions of the district in terms of achieving rational nutrition standards) in combination with a comparative analysis of the actual data with the remaining volumes of food in the regions of the SFD after export and export. As a result of the study, it was found that the export and export of food in general is a significant stimulating factor in the development of the grain subcomplex of the Siberian Federal District (to the greatest extent in the Republic of Khakassia, the Krasnoyarsk Territory and the Omsk region), obtaining additional financial resources in the meat subcomplex of the Altai Republic and the Omsk region, and the production of chicken eggs in the Novosibirsk region. At the same time, excessive volumes of food outflow from the Siberian Federal District create significant risks of deterioration in the nutrition of the population in 6 regions of Siberia, including in the Republic of Altai and the Altai Territory – for milk and dairy products, in the Altai Territory and the Tomsk Region – for meat and meat products, in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, Irkutsk Region and Kemerovo Region – Kuzbass – chicken eggs. The data obtained in the course of the study can be used by the management offices of the regional agro-industrial complex of Siberia to make individual management decisions aimed at maintaining the balance of food in the regions of the Siberian Federal District, taking into account the currently implemented export-oriented approach to the development of the national agro-industrial complex.
The problem of sustainable development of regional socio-economic systems is relevant for all countries, since its solution together ensures dynamic, balanced growth of the national economy. In this regard, special attention is drawn to the task of identifying factors that contribute to achieving sustainable development of regions. According to the authors, one of such factors in Russian conditions may be the agricultural industry, which predetermined the choice of the purpose of the study – identifying the parameters of the functioning of the agricultural industry that provide opportunities for the development of regional economic systems along an innovation-type sustainability trajectory. The study, based on a synthesis of systemic, multifactorial analysis, identified the relationship between the dynamics of parameters of the level of agricultural development and the possibility of achieving sustainability of the regional socio-economic system. The basis for the analysis was the economic and innovative indicators of agricultural development in the Penza region in 2018-2022.
The article examines the issues of price regulation as an element of the economic mechanism of functioning and development of the agro-industrial complex under the conditions of sanctions pressure, which is especially relevant in the context of the need to accelerate the process of import substitution of agricultural raw materials and agricultural products. Currently, there is an urgent question of the need to review the fundamental factors of pricing, starting with the untying of the so-called "world prices" and ending with issues of state regulation of socially significant products and goods, since the market itself, even in the best competitive environment, does not provide the possibility of equivalent exchange between industries and does not contribute to the establishment of parity prices for products agri-food market.
The article discusses the issues of formation and development of agglomerations management in rural areas, the functioning of which will be constantly improved on the basis of the development of management systems at the state, economic and economic levels and the level of local self-government. The research is aimed at the implementation of certain conceptual directions, the implementation of which entails compliance with the norms, rights and interests of all participants in agglomeration education with certain elements of interaction and an increase in the level of connectivity of industrial, economic and social processes. The current level of development of rural agglomerations management will be characterized by the main types of interaction: resource, financial, industrial, military-technical, as well as interrelations: economic, industrial, organizational and managerial, social, household, technical and technological, transport, labor, socio-political, recreational, cultural and motivational, which are aimed at the introduction of a set of measures related to improving the manageability of agro-industrial business, as well as the effectiveness of functional interaction using production, financial, social and economic levers of influence. At the same time, the powers of the interdepartmental commission for the coordination of intersectoral interactions of participants in the formation of management, as well as the main activities aimed at implementing the national strategy for spatial development and sustainable management of agglomerations in rural areas have been formed.
Poultry meat, which occupies more than 43% of the market, is the key raw material in the structure of the meat industry of the Russia. The main advantages of meat poultry farming are the high precocity of poultry and the significant demand for products. At the same time, the most important factor in obtaining high-quality products with low final cost is the development of effective feeding systems based on the use of advanced and biologically safe types of feed. The traditional feed in poultry is compound feed, the composition of which often included various antibiotic complexes for preventive purposes. However, recent changes in the legislation of the Russia have excluded the possibility of using such drugs in feed without proper veterinary justification. In this regard, the demand for other ingredients for compound feeds has sharply increased, in particular, having an immunoprophylactic effect and a stress-protective effect. Among these groups of drugs, feed complexes based on phytogenic additives and medium-chain fatty acids (MFA) are the most effective. Studies carried out on the basis of VitOMEK LLC in Likhoslavl city of the Tver region have shown that modification of formulations of compound feeds for broilers in order to replace antibiotic complexes with organic substances helps to reduce the cost of manufactured feed products. At the same time, the production of compound feeds for broilers with the addition of phytogenics and the Ecolife feed complex (MFA) ensures the receipt of about 11.4 thous. rub. profits from each ton of products sold at a profitability
The Arctic is one of the most promising and poorly developed regions in the world. The last untouched mineral reserves are located here. Most of them are located on the territory and shelf of Russia. The extraction of aquatic biological resources on an industrial scale in the Arctic is currently prohibited by international agreements, quotas for the extraction of aquatic biological resources will be distributed after studying new fish migration routes and in this regard the Arctic can become one of the largest fishing basins in the world. In 1996, the Arctic Council with eight states was established to coordinate the development of the Arctic's natural reserves.
The human capital of an agricultural enterprise is the basis for its sustainable development, strengthening the financial condition and food security of both the region in which the activity is carried out and the entire country. The personnel and intellectual components of the agricultural organization economic security should be formed in such a way as to ensure the protection of the economic entity from threats and risks associated with the activities of personnel: both ordinary employees and management. The paper identifies the factors influencing the development of a personnel strategy and the types of personnel strategies, depending on the approach chosen by management: risk orientation or the type of management of the organization. The creation of a personnel strategy adapted to the organization industry specifics allows ensuring a high level of agro-industrial complex enterprise personnel security through the implementation of measures for hiring, working conditions, training, development, motivation, creation and development of corporate culture. A key element of the personnel strategy is the analysis of the organization personnel security level based on the calculation of appropriate indicators that allow to assess the number of personnel and its dynamics, the effectiveness of the personnel use, the motivational system quality, the state of the organization intellectual potential. Based on the example of the backbone enterprise of the Samara region, GC BIO-TON, operating in the field of crop production, a model of personnel strategy has been developed for the purpose of ensuring the agricultural enterprise personnel security.