Institutional, organizational and economic support for small business in rural areas of the united states

Issue № 4, 2021, article № 1, pages 3-16

Section: International relations and world agricultural experience

Language: Russian

Original language title: ИНСТИТУЦИОНАЛЬНАЯ И ОРГАНИЗАЦИОННО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ ПОДДЕРЖКА МАЛОГО ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСТВА НА СЕЛЬСКИХ ТЕРРИТОРИЯХ США

Keywords: RURAL AREAS, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, SMALL BUSINESS, MICRO ENTREPRENEURSHIP, ASSISTANCE PROGRAM, ADMINISTRATION, SERVICE, GROSS FARM SALES, GROSS FARM CASH INCOME, CONTRACT, ENVIRONMENTAL, ENERGY INFRASTRUCTURE, INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES, INNOVATION, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE, HIGH VALUE ADDED, LOAN, LOAN GUARANTEE, GRANT, ANNUAL RECEIPTS, FAMILY FARMS, NONFAMILY (NON-FAMILY) FARMS, COMMUNITY

Abstract: Small business is an important factor in the sustainable development of rural areas in the United States as it includes the largest number of economic facilities, stabilizes the rural population, contributes to the diversification of economic activities in rural areas and currently offers environmentally more acceptable technologies. The general criteria for classifying enterprises as small businesses adopted by the government Office of Small Business Administration, as well as the typology of farms developed and ameliorated by the Economic Research Service of the US Department of Agriculture, are examined. A comparison is made between the traditional (based on Gross Farm Sales) and new (based on Gross Farm Cash Income) approach to the definition of small farms. The related shifts in number of small farms and their share in total agricultural production are demonstrated. A number of existing and suspended loan, grant, and investment programs supervised by the Rural Development Services and other subdivisions of the U.S. Department of Agriculture were reviewed. For instance they are focused on socio-economic development, energy efficiency, stimulating of high-value production, promotion of micro-entrepreneurship, the use of information and communication technologies, solving environmental problems, as well as promoting innovation through a partnership of science and business.

Authors: Paptsov Andrei Gennadevich, Sokolova ZHanna Evgenevna