Management of traditional agricultural activities in nortn: world experience

Issue № 6, 2020, article № 7, pages 58-66

Section: International relations and world agricultural experience

Language: Russian

Original language title: УПРАВЛЕНИЕ ТРАДИЦИОННОЙ СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТЬЮ В РЕГИОНАХ СЕВЕРА: МИРОВОЙ ОПЫТ

Keywords: NORTH, TRADITIONAL AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITY, REINDEER HERDING, HUNTING, INDIGENOUS PEOPLE, ARCTIC TOURISM, ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, CO-MANAGEMENT

Abstract: The article considers the problems of managing the main types of traditional agricultural activities of the indigenous people of the North (reindeer herding, hunting, fishing, and gathering). It has been established that in the framework of creating sustainable agricultural socio-ecological systems of the North, domestic reindeer husbandry plays a crucial role. In the Scandinavian countries, Sami reindeer herders are faced with cutting their rights and price discrimination, but the level of state support for the industry in these countries is 3-4 times higher than in Russia. For the northern regions of Russia, Alaska's experience in co-management, based on the distribution of rights and responsibilities between the administration and members of communities and farms, could be useful. The development of alternative energy, so necessary in the North, often causes conflicts with domestic reindeer husbandry. World experience indicates that the main way to adapt to rapid socio-economic and natural changes is to diversify the use of rural areas. The COVID-19 pandemic sharply negatively affected the process of diversification, causing, among other things, a complete stop for a long time of Arctic tourism; as a result the region is losing most of its income and tens of thousands of jobs.

Authors: Volkov Sergei Gennadevich, Vlasova Tatiana Kuzminichna