Main trends in the development of agricultural and food exports in the world

Issue № 5, 2020, article № 4, pages 41-48

Section: International relations and world agricultural experience

Language: Russian

Original language title: ОСНОВНЫЕ ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ ЭКСПОРТА СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННОЙ ПРОДУКЦИИ И ПРОДОВОЛЬСТВИЯ В МИРЕ

Keywords: INTERNATIONAL FOOD TRADE, EXPORT, FOOD MARKET, WORLD SUPPLY AND DEMAND, STRUCTURE OF THE WORLD FOOD MARKET

Abstract: Export of agricultural products and food is an important direction of economic policy in most countries in the world, as it plays a large role in the formation of state revenues. Currently, many countries consider export activity as one of the foundations of economic stability and support its development with a wide range of measures. The article considers the current stage of development of world exports of agricultural products and food. The role of developed and developing countries in the export of these products is analyzed. The growing role of developing countries in exports is shown. Countries such as China, India, Indonesia, Thailand, and Mexico are currently among the top ten exporters of agri-food products in the world. Russia's increasing role in world exports is noted based on the analysis of agricultural and food exports over the past 20 years. The article analyzes the commodity structure of world exports and identifies the main product groups that account for more than 60‰ of exports. The forecast of the OECD-UN on demand for agricultural products and food in the medium term (2018-2027) is given, according to which in the next decade the growth rate of demand for certain commodity groups of products is expected to slow down, per capita consumption of which is approaching the optimal level and may remain unchanged, these are primarily cereals, root crops and tubers. Growth in demand for meat and fish products is expected to slow down due to regional differences in food preferences and restrictions. With consumption growth slowing, it is expected that the rate of increase in trade in agricultural and fish products will be twice lower than in the previous decade, which is one of the risks for the implementation of the Russian program to increase exports of agricultural products and food.

Authors: Medvedeva Nina Afanasevna