The design model for optimization of the variety structure of soybean sowings in terms of natural and climatic areas of the krasnodar region

Issue № 1, 2020, article № 15, pages 112-118

Section: Economics of agribusiness sectors

Language: Russian

Original language title: ПРОЕКТНАЯ МОДЕЛЬ ОПТИМИЗАЦИИ СОРТОВОЙ СТРУКТУРЫ ПОСЕВОВ СОИ В РАЗРЕЗЕ ПРИРОДНО-КЛИМАТИЧЕСКИХ ЗОН КРАСНОДАРСКОГО КРАЯ

Keywords: SOYBEAN, STRUCTURE OF VARIETAL SOWINGS, EFFICIENCY OF CROP CULTIVATION, YIELD, TOTAL YIELD, SOWING AREA, SEEDS ORIGINATORS, AGRICULTURAL ORGANIZATIONS, AGRICULTURAL AND INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX

Abstract: Due to the scientific support and development of breeding and seed growing in the soybean production, the effectiveness of Russian soybean cultivars, compared to foreign ones, has increased significantly in the Krasnodar region. At the same time, there is remained a trend of intensive expansion of a foreign segment on the soybean market. Thus, for the period from 2013 to 2017, the largest increase of foreign seeds share in the structure of crop sowings was noted in the northern zone, and by 2017 this figure amounted to more than 37‰. However, along with an increase in the share of foreign cultivars in sowings, in the northern zone over the analyzed period, the average yield of foreign soybean cultivars decreased by 3.7 quintal per ha, while Russian ones increased by 1.0 quintal per ha. A similar trend has developed in all areas of crop cultivation. Due to the current situation, within the governmental strategy of import substitution and support of Russian breeding programs, we proposed a design model for optimizing soybean cultivar complexes according to the natural and economic zones of the Krasnodar region, accounting the biological potential of the promising Russian soybean cultivars and a level of yield stability.

Authors: Boiko Evgeniia IUrevna