THE INFLUENCE OF SUPPLY AND DEMAND FACTORS ON THE FORMATION OF PRICE RELATIONS IN THE RUSSIAN AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX

Issue № 11, 2025, article № 8, pages 71-83

Section: Investment and innovation in agriculture

Language: Russian

Original language title: ВЛИЯНИЕ ФАКТОРОВ СПРОСА И ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЯ НА ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ЦЕНОВЫХ ОТНОШЕНИЙ В АПК РОССИИ

Keywords: AGRIFOOD MARKET, AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS, SUPPLY AND DEMAND, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, PRICING RELATIONS, PRICE

Abstract: The research examines the formation of price relations in Russian regions characterized by strong differentiation in price dynamics in the agro-industrial complex. The author presents and tests a methodological approach to assessing the influence of supply and demand factors on the parity of price relations in the agro-industrial complex. The approach consists of six stages, including the formation of a comprehensive system of indicators and the calculation of an integral indicator taking into account the ratio of price indices for agricultural products and indices characterizing other spheres of the agro-industrial complex. This approach made it possible to identify three clusters of constituent entities of the Russian Federation with different levels of parity of price relations, subdivided into regions with an agricultural and non-agricultural focus. The analysis allowed us to assess the influence of supply and demand factors on the parity of price relations in regions with different economic conditions. It was revealed that in clusters of regions with low and close to one parity coefficients, high demand for food contributes primarily to the development of the food industry and trade, where the bulk of household expenditures on food products was accumulated. In regions with relatively favorable conditions for agriculture in terms of price parity, high rates of price growth for agricultural products are explained by an excess of demand over supply. Agricultural enterprises are inefficient, and the sector's profitability is insufficient, which is not compensated for by government support measures. Furthermore, the analysis revealed the negative impact of price disparities on the financial condition of agricultural enterprises, which requires the implementation of a comprehensive price monitoring and management system. To improve agricultural efficiency, ensure food security, and ensure the sustainable and balanced development of the agro-industrial complex, it is recommended to improve government support measures aimed at increasing the supply of agricultural products through the introduction of innovative technologies that will reduce costs, increase productivity, and improve farmers' profitability.

Authors: Maslova Vlada Viacheslavovna, Zaruk Natalia Fedorovna, Romantseva Julia Nikolaevna