THE IMPACT OF CUSTOMS AND TARIFF REGULATION OF GRAIN EXPORTS ON CHANGES IN DOMESTIC WHEAT PRICES

Issue № 9, 2025, article № 3, pages 19-29

Section:

Language: Russian

Original language title: ВЛИЯНИЕ ТАМОЖЕННО-ТАРИФНОГО РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ ЭКСПОРТА ЗЕРНА НА ИЗМЕНЕНИЕ ВНУТРЕННИХ ЦЕН НА ПШЕНИЦУ

Keywords: «ПЛАВАЮЩАЯ» ЭКСПОРТНАЯ ПОШЛИНА, BASE PRICE, GRAIN DAMPER, INDICATIVE PRICE, NON-TARIFF REGULATION, FLOATING EXPORT DUTY, CUSTOMS AND TARIFF REGULATION, CUSTOMS TARIFF, DOMESTIC MARKET PRICES, AND EXPORTS

Abstract: The article is devoted to the problems of customs and tariff regulation of wheat exports, the analysis of the effectiveness of the grain damper and the impact of its mechanisms on changes in domestic wheat prices. The study showed that the damping mechanism has very little effect on the behavior of domestic wheat prices. The reasons for the insufficiently effective operation of the damper are the lack of conditions in our country under which it can work effectively, namely, the presence of a competitive, unregulated grain market without trade barriers, and a stable exchange rate of the national currency. In addition, the instruments of state non-tariff regulation, which are actively working simultaneously with the damper, limit the field for the realization of its possibilities, exerting a more significant impact on the dynamics of domestic prices. The damper mechanism also does not provide grain producers with compensation for losses commensurate with losses from export duties. The expediency of using a damper requires additional justification. The damping mechanisms require more fine-tuning and revision of the base price parameters to prevent an unjustified increase in export customs duties. It is also necessary to increase the amount of compensation for losses to grain producers from the funds received from the levied dampening export duties in order to prevent further reduction in profitability of production. It is also necessary to provide exporters with timely, transparent information on tariffs, which would reduce the price risks of option, futures and forward export contracts.

Authors: Savkina Galina Mikhailovna