A METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH TO ASSESSING THE STATE OF TECHNOLOGICAL SOVEREIGNTY IN THE RUSSIAN AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX
Issue № 8, 2025, article № 15, pages 150-163
Language: Russian
Original language title: МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЙ ПОДХОД К ОЦЕНКЕ СОСТОЯНИЯ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО СУВЕРЕНИТЕТА В АГРОПРОМЫШЛЕННОМ КОМПЛЕКСЕ РОССИИ
Keywords: AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX, TECHNOLOGICAL SOVEREIGNTY, IMPORT SUBSTITUTION, TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT, GLOBAL PRODUCTION CHAINS
Abstract: In the context of global instability and sanctions pressure on Russia, ensuring the technological sovereignty of the country's agro-industrial complex (AIC) is becoming a critical task. The relevance of the study is due to the high dependence of key sectors of the Russian AIC on the import of technologies, equipment and raw materials, as well as the risks associated with their export orientation. The aim of the study is to develop a methodology for assessing the technological sovereignty of the AIC based on the analysis of production chains and quantitative accounting of import-export dependencies. The object of the study is the types of economic activity of the Russian AIC, their interrelations and the degree of involvement in global value chains. The methods include the analysis of input-output tables, the construction of graph models of industry interactions and the calculation of sovereignty indices taking into account direct and indirect effects. As a result, the most vulnerable production and technological areas of the AIC were identified, such as seed production, agricultural machinery (import dependence) and fertilizer production (export orientation). A methodology for assessing the sustainability of activities that take into account the influence of related sectors of the agro-industrial complex is proposed. An assessment of sovereignty using this methodology was carried out, which, according to the calculation results, was 58.6% for the activity "Grain and leguminous crops", 88.8% for "Meat and poultry", 16.5% for "Fertilizers and nitrogen compounds", and 28.4 percent for "Pesticides and other agrochemical products". It is shown that traditional assessment methods underestimate the cascading effects of supply gaps. This methodology allows assessing the level of sovereignty for individual activities, formulating targeted measures for import substitution, optimizing production chains, and reducing the risks of sanctions pressure.
Authors: Ten Anatolii Dmitrievich, Korovin Grigory Borisovich