RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES: WORLD PRACTICE OF APPLICATION AND MAIN GLOBAL TRENDS

Issue № 8, 2025, article № 13, pages 124-136

Section:

Language: Russian

Original language title: ВОЗОБНОВЛЯЕМЫЕ ИСТОЧНИКИ ЭНЕРГИИ: МИРОВАЯ ПРАКТИКА ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ И ОСНОВНЫЕ ГЛОБАЛЬНЫЕ ТРЕНДЫ

Keywords: ALTERNATIVE ENERGY, BIOENERGY, RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES, ENERGY GENERATION, HYDROPOWER, SOLAR AND WIND ENERGY, ENERGY SECURITY, ENERGY EFFICIENCY

Abstract: The study provides a comprehensive assessment of the global energy sector over the past 10 years. The analysis revealed trends in its development and features of its functioning in terms of the main types of fuel and energy generation technologies. Particular attention is paid to renewable energy sources. The characteristics of the main trends in the development of alternative energy are given in relation to regions of the world and major countries. The conclusion is substantiated that in recent years, alternative energy has become increasingly widespread throughout the world, covering a significant amount of the increase in global demand for electricity. The main advantages and disadvantages, as well as limitations of the use of certain types of renewable energy sources, such as solar energy, wind energy, hydropower, bioenergy and geothermal energy, are described. A comparative assessment of the cost of electricity generation from different sources is given. It also provides results from an analysis of the cost of capital for solar and wind power generation technologies, which act as a major factor determining the cost of electricity for buyers. The positive impact of the use of renewable energy sources on reducing greenhouse gas emissions, reducing dependence on fossil fuels, increasing energy security and energy efficiency, improving the environmental situation and creating new jobs is noted. The prospects for a gradual reduction in the share of fossil fuels for electricity generation and an increase in the contribution of alternative energy in the fight against climate change and rising electricity prices are analyzed.

Authors: Bogachev Aleksandr Ivanovich, Taran Vasilii Viktorovich, Osipov Andrei Nikolaevich