STATE AND PROSPECTS FOR ENSURING TECHNOLOGICAL SOVEREIGNTY IN THE AGRO-INDUSTRIAL SECTOR OF RUSSIA

Issue № 5, 2025, article № 11, pages 121-133

Section:

Language: Russian

Original language title: СОСТОЯНИЕ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО СУВЕРЕНИТЕТА В АГРОПРОМЫШЛЕННОМ СЕКТОРЕ РОССИИ

Keywords: AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX, IMPORT SUBSTITUTION, FOOD SECURITY, TECHNOLOGIES, TECHNOLOGICAL SOVEREIGNTY, TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT

Abstract: The article is devoted to the problem of ensuring technological sovereignty in the agro-industrial complex (AIC) of Russia. The relevance of this problem is due to the global challenges to ensuring food security, the intensive development of agricultural technologies and attempts to impose sanctions pressure and restrictions on the agro-industrial complex of Russia. This article attempts to formalize the main aspects of the formation of technological sovereignty in the agro-industrial complex, to assess the current state and trends of its development. The approach used in the article involves the study of the main aspects of ensuring technological sovereignty in the agro-industrial complex, determining its essence and place among the concepts of technological development, assessing its state and development prospects. The article proposes to use a three-stage model, where technological sovereignty is used as a stage of transition from import substitution to technological leadership. The place of technological sovereignty on the proposed matrix in the coordinates of independence/cooperation and security/leadership is determined. Based on the analysis of strategic documents of Russia and analytical materials, vulnerable areas of technological dependence of the agro-industrial complex are identified: a low share of domestic seeds (62%), veterinary drugs (50%), vaccines (49%), pedigree cattle (65%), meat chicken crosses (15%), tractors and combines (about 10 percent). The trajectory of technological development has been formed in the form of a technological radar with the designation of promising areas (biotechnology, genetics, digitalization) on the horizon of 5–30 years. The results of the study showed the need to develop and implement a comprehensive strategy that combines accelerated import substitution in critical areas, the development of our own technological competencies and integration into global chains with "friendly" countries. Further research on these problems can be linked to an in-depth analysis of the technological dependence of the Russian agro-industrial complex, a detailed analysis of technological chains and obtaining an actual aggregated assessment of the state of technological sovereignty of the Russian agro-industrial complex.

Authors: Ten Anatolii Dmitrievich