IMPROVEMENT OF ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC MEASURES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF DOMESTIC POTATO PRODUCTION

Issue № 4, 2025, article № 16, pages 170-179

Section:

Language: Russian

Original language title: СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ ОРГАНИЗАЦИОННО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ МЕР ПО РАЗВИТИЮ ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННОГО КАРТОФЕЛЕВОДСТВА

Keywords: INSTITUTES OF DEVELOPMENT, POTATO PRODUCTION, ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC MECHANISM, RUSSIA, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, SEED PRODUCTION

Abstract: The article is devoted to organizational measures and economic mechanisms for the development of domestic potato production. The successful implementation of the program "Development of potato breeding and seed production in the Russian Federation", conducted by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation jointly with the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation, was noted. In 2025, as a result of the implementation of complex scientific and technical projects, 18,923 tons of elite seeds of Russian potato varieties will be sold. Potato varieties created by leading scientific organizations of the Russian Ministry of Education and Science are cultivated in 72 regions of the country, accounting for 48 potato varieties registered in the State Register of Breeding Achievements. At the same time, due to difficulties in seed production, the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia proposed to reduce the percentage of self-sufficiency in Russian-bred potato seeds from 50% to 35% by 2030. The analysis of potato production in the country from 2001 to 2024 was carried out. It was found that during this period, the area under cultivation decreased by 29%, with a 2-fold increase in yields and gross yields. The economic efficiency of potatoes has been calculated for the period 2018-2024. It is concluded that productivity in the organized sector depends on weather conditions and the level of intensity of the technologies used. It is estimated that in order to fulfill the Food Security Doctrine, the volume of seed production of domestic breeding (excluding personal subsidiary farms) should be about 800 thousand tons. The activities of the Miratorg agro-industrial holding in potato breeding and seed production are shown as a positive example. The possibility of attracting development institutions such as JSC Rosagroleasing, JSC Rosselkhoznadzor and JSC Federal Corporation for the Development of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises to potato seed production is analyzed. A set of organizational measures and economic mechanisms for the accelerated development of domestic breeding and seed production in the studied sub-sector has been developed and proposed.

Authors: Nechaev Vasilii Ivanovich, Pisareva Liudmila Viacheslavovna, TSyplenkova Nataliia Vladimirovna