IMPORT SUBSTITUTION OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY IN RUSSIA: FROM IMPORT DEPENDENCE TO TECHNOLOGICAL INDEPENDENCE

Issue № 2, 2025, article № 6, pages 55-68

Section: Material and technical base of the agro-industrial complex

Language: Russian

Original language title: ИМПОРТОЗАМЕЩЕНИЕ СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННОЙ ТЕХНИКИ В РОССИИ: ОТ ИМПОРТНОЙ ЗАВИСИМОСТИ К ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ НЕЗАВИСИМОСТИ

Keywords: IMPORT SUBSTITUTION, AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY, SANCTIONS, LOCALIZATION, STATE SUPPORT, CHINA, BELARUS, INDIA, SUBSIDIES, CONCESSIONAL LENDING, DEPRECIATION OF MACHINERY

Abstract: The article is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of import substitution of agricultural machinery in Russia, which has become a strategic response to sanctions and international challenges. The historical dependence on imports, the challenges associated with the shortage of machinery and spare parts, as well as the adaptation of the Russian agro-industrial sector to new economic realities are considered. The development of domestic production is analyzed in detail, including the efforts of companies such as Rostselmash and Kirovets, and government support measures such as subsidies, concessional lending and leasing programs. The dynamics of imports of machinery from China, Belarus and India, as well as their impact on market stability, are highlighted. Special attention is paid to the competitiveness of domestic and imported machinery, the problems of fleet wear, as well as the prospects for modernization of the industry. The main conclusions of the article emphasize the importance of localization of production, strengthening cooperation with friendly countries and further development of state support measures to achieve technological independence of Russia in the field of agricultural engineering.

Authors: Zakarchevskii Oleg Vladimirovich, Apatenko Alexey Sergeevich, Novoselov Eduard Arkadevich, Fedotenkova Olga Anatolevna