DEVELOPMENT OF CREDIT IN THE AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX IN MODERN CONDITIONS

Issue № 9, 2024, article № 6, pages 53-61

Section: Investment and innovation in agriculture

Language: Russian

Original language title: РАЗВИТИЕ КРЕДИТОВАНИЯ В АПК В СОВРЕМЕННЫХ УСЛОВИЯХ

Keywords: AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX, GOVERNMENT SUPPORT, INVESTMENTS, SHORT-TERM AND INVESTMENT LENDING, ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC MECHANISMS, FOOD PRODUCTION, AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY PRODUCTION, AGRICULTURE

Abstract: The article considers the issues of lending development. Lending plays one of the key roles in the economic mechanism of the agro-industrial complex. The author analyzes the main factors influencing the lending processes in the agricultural sector of the economy in modern conditions. It is emphasized that the growth of inflation at present is mainly due to an increase in production costs, which are largely due to the rise in prices of resource-providing monopolies and additional costs arising from the import of products due to sanctions restrictions. A significant increase in the key rate contributes not only to the "cooling of the economy", but also to an even greater increase in inflation, an increase in the cost of borrowed resources, a decrease in investment activity, and therefore ensuring technological sovereignty. The article analyzes lending in the context of individual sectors of the agro-industrial complex, emphasizing that in 2023 there was a decrease in credit activity in the agro-industrial complex. The regional specifics of the distribution of credit resources in the production of food products, the production of agricultural machinery and equipment, and in the agricultural sector are revealed. The study of the dynamics of lending by constituent entities of the federation made it possible to identify the main trends, as well as to determine the leading and outsider regions. The article grouped the constituent entities of the Russian Federation by the volume of agricultural lending per 1 hectare of agricultural land. It is emphasized that the volume of lending per 1 hectare of agricultural land differs by more than 20 times in the leading regions from the outsider regions. In order to form an effectively functioning market for agricultural products, raw materials and food, the state, within the framework of the State Program, stimulates the development of short-term and investment lending in the agro-industrial complex. At the same time, due to the current budget constraints, in 2024, changes were made to the preferential mechanism of agricultural lending, as a result of which the economic availability of credit resources will further deteriorate, which will significantly complicate the current and investment activities of commodity producers. In modern conditions, lending to the agro-industrial complex should be based on the principles of strategic planning and forecasting, focusing on promising growth points.

Authors: Maslova Vlada Viacheslavovna