PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS IN RUSSIA: TRENDS AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS

Issue № 1, 2024, article № 10, pages 98-111

Section: Material and technical base of the agro-industrial complex

Language: Russian

Original language title: ПРОИЗВОДСТВО И ПОТРЕБЛЕНИЕ МИНЕРАЛЬНЫХ УДОБРЕНИЙ В РОССИИ: ТЕНДЕНЦИИ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ

Keywords: DOMESTIC MARKET, MINERAL FERTILIZERS, FERTILIZER PRODUCTION, FERTILIZER CONSUMPTION, AGRICULTURE, EXPORT

Abstract: The Russian mineral fertilizer market has been formed and is characterized by stable supply and demand. Currently it is represented by a number of large manufacturers. This allows us to classify it, according to the type of competitive situation, as a market of monopolistic competition tending to oligopoly. After an increase in indicators during 2018-2021 there was a decrease in the production volumes of mineral fertilizers in Russia in 2022-2023 compared to previous periods. This situation was largely a consequence of the impact of the imposed sanctions and emerging difficulties in the logistics and transportation of fertilizers. There is an increase in export volume in physical terms, as well as a change in the geography of supplies. Currently, Russia produces about 59 million tons of fertilizers in physical weight. There has been a steady trend of growth in purchases of mineral fertilizers on the domestic market and their application to crops by agricultural producers in Russia. However, due to the low solvency of Russian farmers and higher prices for fertilizers on the global market, about 2/3 of the mineral fertilizers produced in the country are exported. Despite the sanctions imposed by unfriendly countries against Russia, Russia occupies a significant place in the global fertilizer market. Russia acts as one of the largest suppliers of fertilizers and plays a significant role in ensuring global food security. The country accounts for about 12% of global fertilizer production. Russian exports are dominated by nitrogen and mixed fertilizers. The main Russian exports of mineral fertilizers are to Brazil, India, China, the USA and Turkey. A comprehensive analysis of the current state of production and consumption of fertilizers in Russia made it possible to identify the main development trends and features of the functioning of the mineral fertilizer market, and to outline the main directions for stimulating domestic demand for mineral fertilizers. It is noted that the Russian fertilizer industry has significant potential for growth.

Authors: Avarskii Nabi Dalgatovich, Taran Vasilii Viktorovich, Bogachev Aleksandr Ivanovich, Alpatov Anton Viacheslavovich