ECONOMIC PROBLEMS OF RESOURCE SUPPLY FOR IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE IN RUSSIA

Issue № 12, 2023, article № 4, pages 39-48

Section: Land use and land relations

Language: Russian

Original language title: ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ РЕСУРСНОГО ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ ОРОШАЕМОГО ЗЕМЛЕДЕЛИЯ РОССИИ

Keywords: AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX (AIC), IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE, RESOURCE BASE, WEAR AND TEAR OF IRRIGATION NETWORKS, WEAR AND TEAR OF EQUIPMENT, STAFFING FOR LAND RECLAMATION, LAND RECLAMATION

Abstract: The economic problems of resource provision for irrigated agriculture are considered, which includes several sectoral blocks: assessment of the condition of reclaimed irrigated lands; technical needs, state of the irrigation engineering system; personnel and innovation-scientific support of the irrigation system. An assessment of the state of reclaimed irrigated lands is presented, including the dynamics of the area of irrigated lands in the Russian Federation from 1985 to 2021, the qualitative composition of reclaimed irrigated lands in 2020-2022, the dynamics of the share of actually irrigated lands to those actually used in agricultural production from 2013 to 2022. The state of the engineering system and technical support for irrigation, including the technical state of irrigation systems in Russia, is considered, the regions of the Russian Federation are ranked according to the wear and tear of fixed assets of the reclamation system, and the dynamics of the number of sprinklers in Russia in 1990-2022 is presented. An analysis of the staffing of the irrigation system was carried out. Based on the reporting of land reclamation departments in the regions of the Russian Federation from 2013 to 2022, the dynamics of human resources for land reclamation in Russia in 2013-2022 was built. The main problems of resource provision for irrigated agriculture are identified and measures to solve them are proposed: development of legislative restrictions on changing the status of irrigated lands and state support for the involvement of unused irrigated arable land in agricultural production; certification of irrigated lands; the use of innovative methods for increasing fertility, based on the use of effective fertilization systems; the creation in areas of developed irrigated agriculture of organizations specializing in performing this work; specialized training of plant growers, training in universities and colleges of irrigation agronomists who specialize directly in technologies for cultivating crops with the innovative use of irrigation equipment; research breeding centers to initiate work on developing varieties of various agricultural crops adapted to cultivation under irrigation conditions; scientific centers of the Russian Academy of Sciences and agricultural universities are invited to develop a strategy for the development of economic entities operating on irrigated lands in risky areas.

Authors: Muravyeva Marina Vladimirovna, Glebov Ivan Petrovich